Major General James G. Blunt

Events from the 1290s in Scotland.

Monarchs

Margaret, 1286–1290 (uncrowned)
Guardians of Scotland, during the first (1286–1292) and second (1296–1306) interregnums
John Balliol, 1292–1296

Events

1290

18 July 1290 – the second Treaty of Birgham is drafted in Birgham.
28 August 1290 – the second Treaty of Birgham is ratified at Northampton, arranging for the marriage of the Scottish heir, Margaret, to the son of Edward I of England. The treaty ensured that their domains would remain "separate and divided", contrary to common marriage laws, ensuring the two kingdoms remained independent.^[1]
26 September 1290 – heir to the throne, Margaret, dies in Orkney leading to competition for the Crown of Scotland.

1291

January 1291 – the Bishop of Durham, Antony Bek, arrives in Scotland on a diplomatic mission.
May 1291 – King Edward I of England arrives at Norham, England and sends correspondence to the Guardians of Scotland demanding that his claim of feudal overlordship of Scotland be recognised.^[2]
3 June 1291 – the English army musters at Norham.
6 June 1291 – the Guardians of Scotland and the Scottish nobility agree on terms to have Edward I arbitrate over the selection of the next King of Scotland from amongst the competitors.
6 June 1291 – the realm and the principal royal castles of Scotland are placed in temporary control of Edward I.
13 June 1291 – the Guardians of Scotland and the Scottish nobility swear fealty to Edward I at Upsettlington, on the river bank opposite Norham Castle. This was followed later by swearing of fealty at Perth, Ayr, Inverness and Galloway.

1292

November 1292 – Robert de Brus, Lord of Annandale surrenders his lordship of Annandale to his son Robert Bruce, jure uxoris Earl of Carrick, who then surrendered the earldom of Carrick to his son Robert the Bruce.
17 November 1292 – the Scottish auditors, led by Edward I of England, decide in favour of claimant John Balliol.^[3]^[4]
30 November 1292 – John Balliol is inaugurated as King of Scotland at Scone.^[3]
26 December 1292 – King John Balloil swears homage to King Edward I at Newcastle upon Tyne, Northumberland, England.

1295

23 October 1295 – the Treaty of Paris (1295) is signed, forming the Auld Alliance between the kingdoms of Scotland and France.

1296

28 March 1296 – the English army crosses the River Tweed, beginning an invasion of Scotland.
30 March 1296 – Sack of Berwick
27 April 1296 – Battle of Dunbar
10 July 1296 – John Balliol formally abdicates, ceding the Scottish realm, people, and royal seal to Edward I by a deed signed at Brechin Castle.^[3]

1297

May 1297 – Action at Lanark
June 1297 – Raid on Scone
11 September 1297 – Battle of Stirling Bridge

1298

3 July 1298 – Edward I returns with military forces to Scotland, beginning another invasion of Scotland.
22 July 1298 – Battle of Falkirk

1299

27 June 1299 – Pope Boniface VIII issues the papal bull Scimus, Fili, condemning Edward I's invasions of Scotland and calling for peace negotiations.^[5]

Births

1 November 1299 – Elizabeth de Comyn (died 1372)

Full date unknown

c. 1294 – John Comyn IV of Badenoch (died 1314)
1298 – Andrew Murray, military and political leader (died 1338)

Deaths

28 January 1290 – Dervorguilla of Galloway (born c. 1210)
26 September 1290 – Margaret, heir to the Scottish throne (born 1283 in Norway)
31 March 1295 – Robert de Brus, 5th Lord of Annandale (born c. 1215)
27 April 1296 – Patrick de Graham (born c. 1235)
22 July 1298

Full date unknown

1291 – William Comyn of Kirkintilloch
c. November 1292 – Marjorie, Countess of Carrick
1293 – Reginald le Chen
c. 1293 – Aonghus Mór
c. 1296 – Thomas of Galloway (born 1208)
c. 1296 – Cailean Mór
c. November 1297 – Andrew Moray
c. 1299 – Alasdair Óg of Islay

References

^ Donnachie, Ian; Hewitt, George, eds. (2001). "Birgham, Treaty of (1290)". Collins Dictionary of Scottish History. HarperCollins. ISBN 0-00-714710-4.
^ Barrow, p. 44.
^ ^a ^b ^c Dunbar, Sir Archibald Hamilton (1899). Scottish Kings: A Revised Chronology of Scottish History 1005–1625. Edinburgh. pp. 115–116 – via Internet Archive.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
^ Stevenson, J., Documents Illustrative of the History of Scotland, 1870
^ Chaplais, Pierre (2004). English diplomatic practice in the Middle Ages. Hambledon and London. p. 79. ISBN 1852853956.

Sources

Barrow, Geoffrey W.S. Robert Bruce & The Community of The Realm of Scotland, 1988. ISBN 0-85224-604-8

[1] Donnachie, Ian; Hewitt, George, eds. (2001). "Birgham, Treaty of (1290)". Collins Dictionary of Scottish History. HarperCollins. ISBN 0-00-714710-4.

[2] Barrow, p. 44.

[:0-3] Dunbar, Sir Archibald Hamilton (1899). Scottish Kings: A Revised Chronology of Scottish History 1005–1625. Edinburgh. pp. 115–116 – via Internet Archive.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)

[stevenson-4] Stevenson, J., Documents Illustrative of the History of Scotland, 1870

[5] Chaplais, Pierre (2004). English diplomatic practice in the Middle Ages. Hambledon and London. p. 79. ISBN 1852853956.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

Years in Scotland (843–present)
11th century	1001 1002 1003 1004 1005 1006 1007 1008 1009 1010 1011 1012 1013 1014 1015 1016 1017 1018 1019 1020 1021 1022 1023 1024 1025 1026 1027 1028 1029 1030 1031 1032 1033 1034 1035 1036 1037 1038 1039 1040 1041 1042 1043 1044 1045 1046 1047 1048 1049 1050 1051 1052 1053 1054 1055 1056 1057 1058 1059 1060 1061 1062 1063 1064 1065 1066 1067 1068 1069 1070 1071 1072 1073 1074 1075 1076 1077 1078 1079 1080 1081 1082 1083 1084 1085 1086 1087 1088 1089 1090 1091 1092 1093 1094 1095 1096 1097 1098 1099 1100
12th century	1101 1102 1103 1104 1105 1106 1107 1108 1109 1110 1111 1112 1113 1114 1115 1116 1117 1118 1119 1120 1121 1122 1123 1124 1125 1126 1127 1128 1129 1130 1131 1132 1133 1134 1135 1136 1137 1138 1139 1140 1141 1142 1143 1144 1145 1146 1147 1148 1149 1150 1151 1152 1153 1154 1155 1156 1157 1158 1159 1160 1161 1162 1163 1164 1165 1166 1167 1168 1169 1170 1171 1172 1173 1174 1175 1176 1177 1178 1179 1180 1181 1182 1183 1184 1185 1186 1187 1188 1189 1190 1191 1192 1193 1194 1195 1196 1197 1198 1199 1200
13th century	1200s 1210s 1220s 1230s 1240s 1250s 1260s 1270s 1280s 1290s
14th century	1301 1302 1303 1304 1305 1306 1307 1308 1309 1310 1311 1312 1313 1314 1315 1316 1317 1318 1319 1320 1321 1322 1323 1324 1325 1326 1327 1328 1329 1330 1331 1332 1333 1334 1335 1336 1337 1338 1339 1340 1341 1342 1343 1344 1345 1346 1347 1348 1349 1350 1351 1352 1353 1354 1355 1356 1357 1358 1359 1360 1361 1362 1363 1364 1365 1366 1367 1368 1369 1370 1371 1372 1373 1374 1375 1376 1377 1378 1379 1380 1381 1382 1383 1384 1385 1386 1387 1388 1389 1390 1391 1392 1393 1394 1395 1396 1397 1398 1399 1400
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21st century	2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024

Monarchs

Events

Births

Deaths

See also

References

Sources