Baron Francesco Saverio Fava (1832–1913) was known for his founding of the Italian Ministry in Washington, D.C. He served as the first Italian Ambassador of the then recently unified Italy to the United States from 1881 to 1893.[1]
Biography
As Ambassador, Baron Fava served as the Dean of the Diplomatic Corps. Prior to his service for Italy in the United States of America, Baron Fava served in Brazil and Romania.[2] He began his career under the House of Bourbon governments of Italy but as Italian unity formed under Garibaldi, he continued to serve Italian interests under the Savoy.
His greatest challenge as US ambassador consisted of the "New Orleans Affair" in which eleven Italians were lynched by a New Orleans mob on 15 Mar 1891. Lodging a protest with Secretary of State James Blaine and eventually negotiating directly with President Benjamin Harrison, the Baron requested federal action to address a lynching of the eleven Italian citizens being managed as a State of Louisiana criminal event.[3] Several Italians were lynched in a New Orleans jail after being falsely accused of a murder.[4] The local and state government failed to act in a test of federal treaties. The Ambassador withdrew from the US in protest and returned to Italy. His return a year later to the US was celebrated as a demonstration of Italian-US relations being restored to "full harmony" [5] Despite resolution of the New Orleans affair, the Ambassador again faced similar circumstances later in his career with the lynching of Italian citizens at Tallulah, LA with strong protests to then Secretary of State John Hay and President William McKinley.[6] In 1898 he was named by king Umberto I senator of the kingdom.[7]
Honors
Grand Officer of Saints Maurice and Lazarus
Commander of the Order of the Crown of Italy
See also
References
- ^ Gray, Robert M. (2005). Amy Heard Letters from the Gilded Age (PDF). p. 22. Retrieved 19 December 2011.
- ^ Università degli Studi di Lecce (1987). La formazione della diplomazia nazionale (1861-195) Repertorio bio-bibliografico dei funzionari del Ministero degli Affari Esteri (in Italian). Roma: Istituto Poligrafico e Zecca della Stato. pp. 316-317.
- ^ "Baron Fava's Protest" (PDF). New York Times. 19 March 1891. Retrieved 19 December 2011.
- ^ Haas, Edward. "Guns, Goats, and Italians". Retrieved 19 December 2011.
- ^ "BARON FAVA BACK AGAIN". New York Times. 1893.
- ^ "Foreign Relations with the United States 1900, Italy". Retrieved 19 December 2011.
- ^ [1] From Italian senate website
- Sidney SONNINO, Diario, 1866–1912, I, Bari: Laterza, 1972: 407
