Surat Thani (Thai: สุราษฎร์ธานี, pronounced [sù.râːt tʰāː.nīː]) is a city in Amphoe Mueang Surat Thani, Surat Thani Province, southern Thailand. It lies 651 km (405 mi) south of Bangkok. It is the capital of Surat Thani Province. The city has a population of 132,040 (2019), and an area of 68.97 km2 (26.63 sq mi). The city's population density is 1,914 inhabitants per km2.
Surat Thani is located near the mouth of the Tapi River on the Gulf of Thailand. The city offers no major tourist attractions in itself, and is mainly known to tourists as the jumping-off point to Ko Samui, Ko Tao, and Ko Pha Ngan. It is the regional commercial center, with a seaport dealing in the main products of the province, rubber and coconuts.
Toponymy
The city received its name, which means "city of good people", by King Vajiravudh (Rama VI) in 1915. The name was given to the city due to the intense devotion of the locals to Buddhism. Previously the city was known as Bandon (Thai: บ้านดอน), meaning "village on higher ground". The name of the city is taken from the Indian city Surat in Gujarat on the Indian River Tapi. King Vajiravudh (Rama VI) gave this name to his city as he was impressed with the Indian city.
History
On 21 December 1930 Surat Thani became a sanitary district (sukhaphiban),[2] which was upgraded to a town (thesaban mueang) on 7 December 1935, with a municipal area of 2.67 km2 (1.03 sq mi).[3] The area of the municipality was enlarged to 6.95 km2 (2.68 sq mi) on 14 October 1958,[4] and on 22 December 1994 it was further enlarged to 68.97 km2 (26.63 sq mi).[5] On 4 May 2007, the town was upgraded to city status (thesaban nakhon).[6]
Transportation
Rail
Surat Thani is connected with Bangkok by the Southern Line of the State Railway of Thailand. Surat Thani Railway Station is the main station of the province. It is in Phunphin, about 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) from Surat Thani.
Road
Surat Thani is connected to Nakhon Si Thammarat by Route 401. Asian highway AH2 also passes the city at Phunphin.
Air
Surat Thani International Airport is about 30 km (19 mi) from the city by road.[7]
Water
There are three main ferry companies that operate from mainland Surat Thani to the islands: Lomprayah, Seatran, and Raja.
There are only two ferry piers in Muang Surat Thani: Tapee Pier, which Lomprayah's High Speed Catarman operates from, and Bandon Pier, which is for night boats only. Seatran Pier and Raja Pier are both located in Don Sak District, 65km (40mi) east of the city centre.
Climate
Surat Thani has a tropical monsoon climate (Köppen climate classification Aw). Like other parts of Southern Thailand, Surat Thani has only two seasons; wet and dry. Temperatures are fairly stable throughout the year, although the pre-monsoon months (March–May) are somewhat hotter. There is a short dry season from January to April, followed by the wet season that lasts from May to December. The heaviest rains occur in October and November.
| Climate data for Surat Thani (1991–2020) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 35.0 (95.0) |
37.6 (99.7) |
39.0 (102.2) |
39.7 (103.5) |
38.8 (101.8) |
36.8 (98.2) |
36.4 (97.5) |
36.6 (97.9) |
35.8 (96.4) |
35.7 (96.3) |
36.3 (97.3) |
35.0 (95.0) |
39.7 (103.5) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 31.0 (87.8) |
32.7 (90.9) |
34.5 (94.1) |
35.4 (95.7) |
34.5 (94.1) |
33.6 (92.5) |
33.3 (91.9) |
33.3 (91.9) |
32.9 (91.2) |
32.1 (89.8) |
30.8 (87.4) |
30.1 (86.2) |
32.9 (91.1) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 26.0 (78.8) |
26.7 (80.1) |
27.8 (82.0) |
28.6 (83.5) |
28.1 (82.6) |
27.7 (81.9) |
27.3 (81.1) |
27.3 (81.1) |
27.0 (80.6) |
26.7 (80.1) |
26.3 (79.3) |
25.8 (78.4) |
27.1 (80.8) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 22.1 (71.8) |
21.8 (71.2) |
22.8 (73.0) |
23.9 (75.0) |
24.3 (75.7) |
23.9 (75.0) |
23.7 (74.7) |
23.6 (74.5) |
23.6 (74.5) |
23.6 (74.5) |
23.4 (74.1) |
22.7 (72.9) |
23.3 (73.9) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 12.4 (54.3) |
14.2 (57.6) |
17.0 (62.6) |
20.0 (68.0) |
20.7 (69.3) |
20.5 (68.9) |
20.5 (68.9) |
20.2 (68.4) |
19.7 (67.5) |
19.5 (67.1) |
16.3 (61.3) |
16.6 (61.9) |
12.4 (54.3) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 75.0 (2.95) |
24.1 (0.95) |
84.0 (3.31) |
73.3 (2.89) |
151.2 (5.95) |
133.4 (5.25) |
134.4 (5.29) |
127.3 (5.01) |
171.9 (6.77) |
202.3 (7.96) |
254.8 (10.03) |
170.3 (6.70) |
1,602 (63.1) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 5.4 | 1.9 | 4.2 | 5.9 | 13.1 | 12.3 | 13.2 | 12.4 | 14.3 | 15.8 | 13.8 | 10.5 | 122.8 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 83.2 | 79.0 | 77.5 | 78.4 | 82.5 | 82.6 | 83.0 | 82.9 | 84.5 | 86.6 | 87.5 | 86.0 | 82.8 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 198.4 | 214.7 | 201.5 | 183.0 | 155.0 | 114.0 | 114.7 | 114.7 | 108.0 | 108.5 | 138.0 | 176.7 | 1,827.2 |
| Mean daily sunshine hours | 6.4 | 7.6 | 6.5 | 6.1 | 5.0 | 3.8 | 3.7 | 3.7 | 3.6 | 3.5 | 4.6 | 5.7 | 5.0 |
| Source 1: World Meteorological Organization[8] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: Office of Water Management and Hydrology, Royal Irrigation Department (sun 1981–2010)[9](extremes)[10] | |||||||||||||
Culture
Festivals
- Chak Phra - Celebrating Buddha's symbolic return to earth at the end of Buddhist Lent. Parade, floats and long-boat races.
- Tham Bun Dern Sip (ทำบุญเดือนสิบ) - Southern Thai Festival of the Tenth Lunar Month
- Surat Food Fair – Held annually in March (2019 dates: 8-16 March) along the Tapi River. The largest food festival in Southern Thailand.
- Surat Thani Vegetarian Festival - Held annually in October (2018 dates: 8-15 October).[11] Parades, more vegetarian options in restaurants and shops, and free food at the Chinese temples
- Songkran - Thai New Year Festival
- Loi Krathong -
Sports
Surat Thani is home to the Surat Thani Football Club (nicknamed “Police Tero”, previously known as “The Roosters”) and the Surat Thani Futsal Club (nicknamed “The Chargers”).
Education
Colleges and universities
- Prince of Songkla University (PSU), Surat Thani Campus
- Surat Thani Rajabhat University (SRU)
- Tapee University
- Suratthani Technical College
- Surat Thani Vocational Education College
- Surat Commercial Technology College
- Surat Thani Polytechnic College
Primary and secondary
Primary and secondary schools with English instruction include:
- Surat Thani International School (STIS)
- Oonrak International Bilingual School
- Joy Bilingual School
- Sarasas Witaed Suratthani School
Secondary
Hospitals
- Ministry of Public Health
- Surat Thani Hospital - public hospital
- Suan Saranrom Hospital - psychiatric hospital
- Suratthani Cancer Hospital - cancer hospital
- Military
- Fort Wiphavadirangsit Hospital - military hospital
- Private
- Bangkok Hospital Surat - private hospital
- Thaksin Hospital - private hospital
Administration
| Subdistrict | Villages | Community | People | Households |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Makham Tia | 6 | - | 73,626 | 42,602 |
| Bang Kung | 5 | - | 28,219 | 14,317 |
| Talat | 1 | - | 26,405 | 15,902 |
| Bang Bai Mai | 2 | - | 1,495 | 1,095 |
| Bang Chan | 1 | - | 1,284 | 355 |
| Khlong Chanak | 3 | - | 1,011 | 277 |
The administration of Surat Thani city municipality is responsible for an area that covers 68.97 square kilometers (26.63 square miles) and consists of six subdistricts, 18 villages (muban), 132,040 people in 74,548 households.[1]
Notable people
Category: People from Surat Thani province
References
- ^ a b "รายงานสถิติจำนวนประชากรและบ้านประจำปี พ.ศ.2562" [Statistics, population and house statistics for the year 2019]. Registration Office Department of the Interior, Ministry of the Interior (in Thai). 31 December 2019. Retrieved 10 March 2020, archiving is not necessary because DOPA provides data from 1993 to future years.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: postscript (link) - ^ พระบรมราชโองการ ประกาศ ใช้พระราชบัญญัติจัดการสุขาภิบาล จังหวัดสุราษฎร์ธานี มณฑลนครศรีธรรมราช (PDF). Royal Gazette (in Thai). 47 (ก): 271–273. December 21, 1930. Archived from the original (PDF) on June 1, 2012.
- ^ พระราชกฤษฎีกาจัดตั้งเทศบาลเมืองสุราษฎร์ธานี จังหวัดสุราษฎร์ธานี พุทธศักราช ๒๔๗๘ (PDF). Royal Gazette (in Thai). 51 (ก): 1758–1762. December 10, 1935. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 9, 2008.
- ^ พระราชกฤษฎีกาเปลี่ยนแปลงเขตเทศบาลเมืองสุราษฎร์ธานี จังหวัดสุราษฎร์ธานี พ.ศ. ๒๕๐๑ (PDF). Royal Gazette (in Thai). 75 (79 ก): 555–558. October 14, 1958. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 9, 2008.
- ^ พระราชกฤษฎีกาเปลี่ยนแปลงเขตเทศบาลเมืองสุราษฎร์ธานี จังหวัดสุราษฎร์ธานี (ฉบับที่ ๒) พ.ศ. ๒๕๓๗ (PDF). Royal Gazette (in Thai). 111 (59 ก): 29–32. December 21, 1994. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 9, 2008.
- ^ ประกาศกระทรวงมหาดไทย เรื่อง เปลี่ยนแปลงฐานะเทศบาลเมืองสุราษฎร์ธานี อำเภอเมืองสุราษฎร์ธานี จังหวัดสุราษฎร์ธานี เป็นเทศบาลนครสุราษฎร์ธานี (PDF). Royal Gazette (in Thai). 124 (Special 67 ง): 15. June 4, 2007. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 9, 2008.
- ^ "Surat Thani Airport". OurAirports. Retrieved 6 February 2013.
- ^ "World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991–2020". World Meteorological Organization. Retrieved 12 October 2023.
- ^ "ปริมาณการใช้น้ำของพืชอ้างอิงโดยวิธีของ Penman Monteith (Reference Crop Evapotranspiration by Penman Monteith)" (PDF) (in Thai). Office of Water Management and Hydrology, Royal Irrigation Department. p. 106. Retrieved 7 August 2016.
- ^ "Climatological Data for the Period 1981–2010". Thai Meteorological Department. Retrieved 4 August 2016.
- ^ "Vegetarian Festival Thailand 2018". Borboleta Bag. Retrieved 10 October 2018.
External links
- Surat Thani City Website (Thai only)
Surat Thani travel guide from Wikivoyage- Surat Website
9°8′23″N 99°19′50″E / 9.13972°N 99.33056°E
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