William Owen Bush (July 4, 1832 – February 13, 1907) was an American farmer and politician who was elected to the Washington House of Representatives as part of the inaugural Washington State Legislature in 1889. He was the first African-American to serve in the Washington legislature.[1] He introduced legislation that established Washington State University and tirelessly promoted Washington agriculture.[1]
In its obituary, the Morning Olympian newspaper described Bush as "one of the oldest and most famous pioneers of the state of Washington" and declared that "probably no resident of the state or territory throughout its history has done more to advertise the state than W. O. Bush".[2]
Early life
Bush was born in Clay County, Missouri.[2] He was the son of George Bush, a celebrated settler and veteran of the War of 1812 who inherited a portion of the substantial fortune of his father, Matthew, and Isabella James. Bush's father was of mixed race, while his mother was of German descent.[1] Some of his descendants denied that his grandfather, Matthew, had any African ancestry, claiming instead that he was from India.[1] However, George and William Bush both identified as African-American and were described in contemporary accounts as a negro.[1]
In 1844 at the age of 12, Bush traveled with his father, mother, and siblings from Missouri to Oregon along with five other families.[1] By the time the family had reached the territory, the Provisional Government of Oregon had enacted legislation prohibiting land ownership by blacks. Undeterred, the elder Bush moved his family north, across the Columbia River, into what would eventually become the Territory of Washington; although at the time this was contested land. There, the elder Bush worked for the Hudson's Bay Company and eventually established a farm in Thurston County.[3]
Career
Agriculture
After his father's death, William Owen Bush took control of the family farm, operating it with his brothers and growing the family's wealth. In 1872, Bush helped found the Western Washington Industrial Association, which organized agricultural expositions, and served as the group's inaugural president.[2] Grains from the Bush farm won gold medals at the 1876 Philadelphia World's Fair, and the 1893 Chicago World's Fair.[4] In 1893 he was appointed to represent the United States on the Advisory Council of the World's Congress Auxiliary on Farm Culture and Cereal Industry.[5]
Politics
Following Washington's admission to the United States in 1889, Bush ran and was elected to the first sitting of the Washington House of Representatives as a member of the Republican Party. In 1890 he introduced and helped pass the state's first civil rights act, which prohibited racial discrimination in "public accommodations...public conveyances on land or water, theatres and other places of public amusement and restaurants."[2] Bush is also credited with introducing the legislation that led to the establishment of Washington State University.[6] He was elected to the legislature a second time, serving until 1895.[7]
Personal life
On May 26, 1859, Bush married a widow, Mandana Smith Kimsey, in Marion County, Oregon.[1] She was born in Missouri in 1826 and traveled to Oregon with her parents in 1847.[1] They established a farm 12 miles (19 km) south of the family homestead. The couple had three children, George O., John Shotwell, and Mandana Isabella. George O. Bush died in infancy.[1] His wife died in 1899.[1]
Bush died in 1907 at St. Peter's Hospital in Olympia, Washington and was interred at Union Cemetery in Tumwater, Washington.
See also
- Charles Stokes – the first African-American elected to the Washington legislature from King County, Washington
- African-American officeholders during and following the Reconstruction era
References
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j Porter, Kenneth Williams (2005). "Bush, William Owen". Africana: The Encyclopedia of the African and African American Experience. Oxford University Press. p. 685. ISBN 9780195170559.
- ^ a b c d Caldbick, John (August 2, 2013). "Bush, William Owen (1832–1907)". HistoryLink. HistoryInk. Retrieved September 13, 2014.
- ^ National Park Service (February 1999). "George Washington Bush and the Human Spirit of Westward" (PDF). The Museum Gazette. Retrieved September 13, 2014.
- ^ Franklin, Joeph (February 14, 1978). "High Regard Held in State for First Black Lawmaker". Spokane Daily Chronicle. Spokane, Washington. Retrieved September 13, 2014.
- ^ "Bush, William Owen (1832–1907)". BlackPast. Retrieved September 13, 2014.
- ^ "WSU Alumnus to Present Bust of William Owen Bush March 4". WSU News. Washington State University. February 21, 2003. Retrieved September 13, 2014.
- ^ Katz, William Loren (1971). The Black West: A Documentary and Pictorial History of the African American Role in the Westward Expansion of the United States. Broadway Books. pp. 64–5. ISBN 9780684814780.