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The Miguel de Cervantes Prize (Spanish: Premio de Literatura en Lengua Castellana Miguel de Cervantes) is awarded annually to honour the lifetime achievement of an outstanding writer in the Spanish language.

History

The prize was established in 1975 by the Ministry of Culture of Spain and first awarded the following year.[1] The Encyclopædia Britannica calls it "most prestigious and remunerative award given for Spanish-language literature".[1] The winner receives a monetary award of 125,000 euros, which makes it one of the richest literary prizes in the world.[2] The prize rewards authors from any Spanish-speaking nation and recognizes the recipient's overall body of work.[1] Of the forty-seven prizes awarded in the history of the Cervantes Prize, only six have ever been awarded to women. In 1988, the Spanish writer María Zambrano (1904-1991) was the first female writer to be honored. The award is named after Miguel de Cervantes, author of Don Quixote.[2] The candidates are proposed by the Association of Spanish Language Academies (i.e., the Royal Spanish Academy).[3]

As of the presentation of the 2023 award to Luis Mateo Díez, the recipients have been recognized for their writing of novels, poetry, short stories, essays, translations, philosophy or dramas – or for combinations thereof. With two winners in 1979, there have been 49 recipients of the Miguel de Cervantes Prize.

The Cervantes Prize and the Nobel Prize in Literature

Three of the 45 winners of the Miguel de Cervantes Prize have also won the Nobel Prize in Literature. Octavio Paz (Cervantes 1981, Nobel 1990) and Mario Vargas Llosa (Cervantes 1994, Nobel 2010), were awarded the Nobel Prize in subsequent years, while Camilo José Cela received the Nobel Prize in 1989 and was awarded the Cervantes Prize in 1995.

Laureates

The list of winners is available at the official Premio 'Miguel Cervantes' website.[4]

Year Picture Winner Country Genre(s)
1976 Jorge Guillén  Spain poetry
1977 Alejo Carpentier  Cuba novel, essay
1978 Dámaso Alonso  Spain poetry
1979[5] Jorge Luis Borges  Argentina short story, poetry, essay, translation
Gerardo Diego  Spain poetry
1980 Juan Carlos Onetti  Uruguay novel
1981 Octavio Paz  Mexico poetry, essay
1982 Luis Rosales  Spain poetry, essay
1983 Rafael Alberti  Spain poetry
1984 Ernesto Sabato  Argentina novel, essay
1985 Gonzalo Torrente Ballester  Spain novel
1986 Antonio Buero Vallejo  Spain drama
1987 Carlos Fuentes  Mexico novel, essay
1988 María Zambrano  Spain philosophy, essay
1989 Augusto Roa Bastos  Paraguay novel
1990 Adolfo Bioy Casares  Argentina novel, short story
1991 Francisco Ayala  Spain novel, short story, essay, translation
1992 Dulce María Loynaz  Cuba poetry
1993 Miguel Delibes  Spain novel
1994 Mario Vargas Llosa  Peru novel, essay, short story, drama
1995 Camilo José Cela  Spain novel
1996 José García Nieto  Spain poetry
1997 Guillermo Cabrera Infante  Cuba novel
1998 José Hierro  Spain poetry
1999 Jorge Edwards  Chile novel
2000 Francisco Umbral  Spain novel, essay
2001 Álvaro Mutis  Colombia poetry, novel
2002 José Jiménez Lozano  Spain novel
2003 Gonzalo Rojas  Chile poetry
2004 Rafael Sánchez Ferlosio  Spain novel, essay
2005 Sergio Pitol  Mexico novel
2006 Antonio Gamoneda  Spain poetry
2007 Juan Gelman  Argentina poetry
2008 Juan Marsé  Spain novel
2009 José Emilio Pacheco  Mexico poetry, novel, short story
2010 Ana María Matute  Spain novel
2011 Nicanor Parra  Chile poetry
2012 José Manuel Caballero Bonald  Spain poetry, novel
2013 Elena Poniatowska  Mexico novel
2014 Juan Goytisolo  Spain novel, essay
2015 Fernando del Paso  Mexico novel, poetry, essay, drama, short story
2016 Eduardo Mendoza  Spain novel, drama
2017 Sergio Ramírez  Nicaragua novel, short story, essay
2018 Ida Vitale  Uruguay poetry, prose, essay
2019 Joan Margarit  Spain poetry
2020 Francisco Brines[6]  Spain poetry
2021 Cristina Peri Rossi  Uruguay prose, poetry, short story, translation
2022 Rafael Cadenas  Venezuela poetry, essay
2023 Luis Mateo Díez  Spain novel, essay

Laureates per country

The following table shows the number of laureates per country:

Rank Country Laureates
1  Spain 25
2  Mexico 6
3  Argentina 4
4  Chile 3
4  Cuba 3
4  Uruguay 3
7  Colombia 1
7  Nicaragua 1
7  Paraguay 1
7  Peru 1
7  Venezuela 1
Total 49

Notes and references

  1. ^ a b c "Cervantes Prize | award". Britannica.com. 2014-11-25. Retrieved 2017-02-27.
  2. ^ a b Jonathan Wolfe (November 12, 2015). "Fernando del Paso Wins Miguel de Cervantes Prize". New York Times. Retrieved November 17, 2017.
  3. ^ "Miguel de Cervantes". donquijote.org. 2014. Archived from the original on 4 June 2023. Retrieved 4 June 2023.
  4. ^ "Premio "Miguel de Cervantes"" (in Spanish). Spain: Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte. Archived from the original on September 8, 2015. Retrieved November 30, 2012.
  5. ^ Two awarded in 1979
  6. ^ "Francisco Brines, premio Cervantes". lavanguardia.com. 2020-11-16. Retrieved 2020-11-16.

External links