Honeycomb toffee, honeycomb candy, sponge toffee, cinder toffee, seafoam, or hokey pokey is a sugary toffee with a light, rigid, sponge-like texture. Its main ingredients are typically brown sugar (or corn syrup, molasses or golden syrup) and baking soda, sometimes with an acid such as vinegar. The baking soda and acid react to form carbon dioxide which is trapped in the highly viscous mixture. When acid is not used, thermal decomposition of the baking soda releases carbon dioxide. The sponge-like structure is formed while the sugar is liquid, then the toffee sets hard. The candy goes by a variety of names and regional variants.
Owing to its relatively simple recipe and quick preparation time, in some regions it is often made at home, and is a popular recipe for children. It is also made commercially and sold in small blocks, or covered in chocolate, a popular example being the Crunchie bar of Britain and Canada, or the Violet Crumble of Australia.
Regional names
Honeycomb toffee is known by a wide variety of names including:
- cinder toffee in Britain[1]
- fairy food candy or angel food candy in Wisconsin[2]
- hokey pokey in New Zealand[3][4][5][6]
- honeycomb in South Africa, Australia, Britain,[7] Ireland, Philippines, and Ohio, United States
- old fashioned puff in Massachusetts[8]
- puff candy in Scotland[9]
- sponge candy in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, St. Paul, Minnesota, Northwest Pennsylvania, and Western New York[10]
- sponge toffee ("tire éponge") in Canada[11]
- Turkish honey ("törökméz") in Hungary
In various cultures
China
In China, it is called fēngwōtáng (蜂窩糖; "honeycomb candy"). It is said to be a popular type of confectionery enjoyed during childhood of the post-80s.
Hungary
In Hungary, it is known as törökméz (Turkish honey) and is commonly sold at town fairs.
Japan
The same confection is a traditional sweet in Japan known as karumeyaki (カルメ焼き), a portmanteau of the Portuguese word caramelo (caramel) and the Japanese word yaki (to bake), and thus can be roughly translated into English as "baked caramel" or '"grilled caramel." It is typically hand-made, and often sold by street vendors.[citation needed]
In Japan, raw egg whites are mixed with the baking soda to make the final product have a puffed up, dome shape.
South Korea
Dalgona (달고나) is a Korean candy made with melted sugar and baking soda.[12][13] It was a popular street snack in the 1970s and 1980s, and is still eaten as a retro food.[14]
New Zealand
Honeycomb toffee is known as hokey pokey (especially in the Kiwi classic Hokey Pokey ice cream) in New Zealand. A very popular ice-cream flavour consisting of plain vanilla ice cream with small, solid lumps of honeycomb toffee is also known as hokey pokey. It is also used to make hokey pokey biscuits.
Taiwan
In Taiwan, it is called swollen sugar (膨糖, péngtáng or 椪糖, pèngtáng).
Gallery
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A street seller in Asakusa Tokyo offering hand-made karumeyaki -
See also
References
- ^ Connelly, Andy (2010-09-24). "The science and magic of cinder toffee | Andy Connelly | Science | guardian.co.uk". Guardian. Retrieved 2012-01-05.
- ^ "Two local chocolate makers battle over use of 'fairy food'". JSOnline.com. December 22, 2011. Retrieved 6 December 2013.
- ^ "Papers Past — Evening Post — 19 December 1927 — THE TRUANT STAR". Paperspast.natlib.govt.nz. 1927-12-19. Retrieved 2012-01-05.
- ^ Chelsea's team of cooks, added 25 May 2011 (2011-05-25). "Chelsea Sugar - Hokey Pokey". Chelsea.co.nz. Retrieved 2012-01-05.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ "Hokey Pokey - New Zealand Kids Recipe at KiwiWise". Kiwiwise.co.nz. Retrieved 2012-01-05.
- ^ "Popular Kiwi recipes – pavlova, anzac biscuits, roast lamb, pikelets etc". Kiwianatown.co.nz. Archived from the original on 2010-06-04. Retrieved 2012-01-05.
- ^ "Food - Honeycomb recipes". BBC. Retrieved 2012-01-05.
- ^ "Hill Top Candy". hilltop candy.com. 2015. Archived from the original on 18 April 2015. Retrieved 6 March 2014.
- ^ S.W.R.I. (1977). S.W.R.I. Jubilee Cookery Book. Edinburgh: Scottish Women's Rural Institutes; Reprint of 8th Edition (1968), p179
- ^ "Sponge Candy: Chocolate, With a Center of Honeycomb". BuffaloChow.com. January 1, 2008. Archived from the original on December 31, 2008. Retrieved 13 January 2010.
- ^ "Sponge Toffee Recipe". CanadianLiving.com. Fall 2009. Archived from the original on 16 February 2014. Retrieved 6 March 2014.
- ^ AsiaToday (31 January 2017). "Korean Cuisine Introduced at JNU International Food Festival". Huffington Post. Retrieved 5 July 2017.
- ^ Cho, Chung-un (24 February 2017). "[Eye Plus] Forgotten past relived at Tongin Market". The Korea Herald. Retrieved 5 July 2017.
- ^ Seoul Metropolitan Government (2010). Seoul Guide Book. Seoul: Gil-Job-E Media. p. 150.
