Battle of Backbone Mountain

Altheimer (/ˈɑːl.taɪmər/ ALL-timer) is a city in Plum Bayou Township, Jefferson County, Arkansas, United States. It is situated on the Union Pacific Railway, 11 miles (18 km) northeast of Pine Bluff. As of the 2010 census it had a population of 984,[3] down from 1,192 at the 2000 census. As of 2018 the estimated population was 829[4] and was down to 696 in the 2020 Census, with zero change estimated in 2021 and 2022.[5]

Geography

Altheimer is part of the Timberlands Region, an area rich in natural resources that was discovered by pioneers from the eastern states in the early 19th century. Deer hunting, bass fishing, timber and oil are plentiful in this area.[6]

Altheimer is in northeastern Jefferson County, 14 miles (23 km) northeast of Pine Bluff, the county seat. U.S. Route 63/79 runs along the northwestern edge of the city, leading southwest to Pine Bluff and northeast 11 miles (18 km) to Humphrey. Little Rock, the state capital, is 50 miles (80 km) to the northwest by road.

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, Altheimer has a total area of 2.2 square miles (5.6 km2), of which 2.1 square miles (5.4 km2) are land and 0.1 square miles (0.2 km2), or 3.22%, are water.[3] Flat Bayou winds through the center of the city, flowing north toward Wabbaseka Bayou, which in turn flows southeast via a succession of names to the Arkansas River.

History

The city was named for brothers Joseph and Louis Altheimer, two Pine Bluff merchants.[7] Louis, who was born in Eberstadt in 1850, read stories by German adventurer Frederick Gerstacker telling of the rich natural resources in Arkansas, and left for America as a teenager, eventually settling in Pine Bluff.[8][9] Louis brought his brother Joseph with him to the land that would eventually bear their name. Joseph's son, Benjamin, became a successful attorney, establishing the prominent Chicago law firm of Altheimer, Mayer, Woods, and Smith (later known as Altheimer & Gray), and serving twice as president of Chicago's Iroquois Club, the city's oldest Democratic Party political club.[10] Benjamin owned 15,000 acres (61 km2) of land in Arkansas. His foundation, the Ben J. Altheimer Foundation, provided scholarships and funding for projects throughout the state and continues today as the Ben J. Altheimer Charitable Foundation, Inc.[11]

Altheimer is home to many restored pioneer-era log cabins, Victorian era plantation houses and museums. One of the most prominent locations is The Elms, a former plantation house on the Collier Estate built in 1886, renovated by Ben Altheimer in the 1930s. Listed on the National Register of Historic Places, The Elms is open to the public for retreats, family reunions and tours.[11] Also located on the property are the Elms Duck Lodges, which provides hunting and fishing in the private lake and pond.[6] Roselawn, also known as the Collier-Barnett House, was built in 1875 and added to National Register of Historic Places in 1978.[12] Lake Dick is an oxbow lake located four miles (6 km) south of Altheimer.[13] This area formerly held farmsteads of eighty white American families who were moved into the area in 1936 as part of the Farm Security Administration. Lake Dick was added to the register in 1975.[13]

In 2007 and 2013, respectively, Altheimer's secondary and elementary schools closed. As a result a number of residents moved to Pine Bluff to be closer to the zoned schools operated by the Dollarway School District, and multiple businesses lost revenue.[14]

Demographics

Historical population
CensusPop.Note%±
1920450—
19304755.6%
19404944.0%
195068037.7%
196097944.0%
19701,0375.9%
19801,23118.7%
1990972−21.0%
20001,19222.6%
2010984−17.4%
2020696−29.3%
Encyclopedia of Arkansas History and Culture

2020 Census

Altheimer city, Arkansas – Racial and ethnic composition
Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race.
Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic) Pop 2000[15] Pop 2010[16] Pop 2020[17] % 2000 % 2010 % 2020
White alone (NH) 128 92 36 10.74% 9.35% 5.17%
Black or African American alone (NH) 1,042 864 641 87.42% 87.80% 92.10%
Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH) 0 0 1 0.00% 0.00% 0.14%
Asian alone (NH) 1 10 3 0.08% 1.02% 0.43%
Pacific Islander alone (NH) 0 0 0 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
Some Other Race alone (NH) 0 2 0 0.00% 0.20% 0.00%
Mixed Race or Multi-Racial (NH) 8 2 9 0.67% 0.20% 1.29%
Hispanic or Latino (any race) 13 14 6 1.09% 1.42% 0.86%
Total 1,192 984 696 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%

2000 Census

As of the census of 2010, there were 984 people, 361 households, and 248 families residing in the city. The racial makeup of the city was 10% White, 88.1% Black or African American, 1% Asian, 0.6% from other races, and 0.3% from two or more races. 1.4% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 361 households, out of which 25.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 37.1% were married couples living together, 24.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.3% were non-families. 27.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 2.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.73 and the average family size was 3.29.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 29.3% under the age of 18, 7.4% from 15 to 19, 7.0% from 40 to 44, 5.3% from 60 to 64, and 13.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36.9 years.

The median income for a household in the city was $32,500, and the median income for a family was $34,153. About 30.9% of families and 35.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 60.4% of those under age 18 and 3.9% of those age 65 or over.[18]

Education

Primary and secondary schools

Altheimer is served by the Pine Bluff School District.[19] Students are zoned to Park/Greenville School for preschool, James Matthews Elementary School, Robert F. Morehead Middle School, and Dollarway High School.

In the racial segregation era Altheimer Training School served as the high school for African-Americans, while Altheimer High School served as the high school for white students.[20] At one point it was served by the Altheimer School District, which operated Martin Elementary School, Martin High School, Altheimer Elementary School, and Altheimer High School in Altheimer.[21] The Altheimer-Sherrill district was created in 1979 when the Altheimer and Sherrill districts merged.[22]

On September 1, 1993, Altheimer-Sherrill consolidated into the Altheimer Unified School District;[23] Altheimer Unified operated two schools: Martin Elementary School and Altheimer-Sherrill High School.[24] The Altheimer Unified School District consolidated into the Dollarway School District on July 10, 2006.[23]

Altheimer-Martin Elementary School, a Dollarway School District elementary school, occupied the former high school facility. The 30,000-square-foot (2,800 m2) building was built in 1987; it included a gymnasium. Up to 2013 the school's enrollment declined, and in 2013 the Dollarway superintendent decided that the school should be closed in light of the declining attendance.[25] In its final year the school had 78 students.[14] Since 2013 some property had been taken from the school building, and a lack of maintenance occurred. Altheimer mayor Zola Hudson stated a desire for the city government to repurpose the building.[25] By 2018 the district was proceeding to donate the elementary building.[26]

Altheimer Middle School and Altheimer-Sherrill High School both closed in 2007. At the time the middle school had 102 students and the high school had 137 students.[14]

In December 2020 the Arkansas State Board of Education ruled that the Dollarway School District should merge into the Pine Bluff School District as of July 1, 2021; the post-merger school district is to operate all existing schools from both districts.[27] Accordingly the attendance boundary maps of the respective schools remained the same for the 2021-2022 school year, and all DSD territory went to be within the PBSD territory.[28] The exception was with the pre-kindergarten levels, as all PBSD areas are now assigned to Forrest Park/Greenville School, including the territory from the former Dollarway district.[29] In 2023 the district announced that Dollarway High would merge into Pine Bluff High School, and that Morehead Middle School would become the only middle school for all of the Pine Bluff School District.[30]

Public libraries

The Pine Bluff and Jefferson County Library System operates the Altheimer Branch, an about 3,500 square feet (330 m2) building identical to that of the Redfield Library,[31] located on a 1-acre (0.40 ha) tract in Altheimer. The library was built on land sold by Altheimer Unified to the county government for $3,784.[32] The library was constructed in October 2001.[31]

Notable people

See also

References

  1. ^ "Altheimer". Arkansas Municipal League. Retrieved January 4, 2017.
  2. ^ "2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved October 29, 2021.
  3. ^ a b "Geographic Identifiers: 2010 Census Summary File 1 (G001): Altheimer city, Arkansas". American Factfinder. U.S. Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved April 17, 2018.
  4. ^ "Population and Housing Unit Estimates". Retrieved February 20, 2020.
  5. ^ "City and Town Population Totals: 2020-2022". United States Census Bureau. United States Government. Retrieved February 23, 2024.
  6. ^ a b "Your New Hometown: The Timberlands." Archived March 5, 2016, at the Wayback Machine Arkansas.com. Retrieved January 15, 2016.
  7. ^ Biographical and Historical Memoirs of Pulaski, Jefferson, Lonoke, Faulkner, Grant, Saline, Perry, Garland and Hot Spring Counties, Arkansas. Chicago, Nashville and St. Louis: Goodspeed Publishing Co. 1889. p. 149. LCCN 01001243. OL 24190554M – via Internet Archive.
  8. ^ "Louis Altheimer". Arkansasties.com. Archived from the original on October 2, 2013. Retrieved June 7, 2013.
  9. ^ Teske, Steven (January 5, 2012). "Altheimer (Jefferson County)". Encyclopedia of Arkansas History and Culture. Butler Center for Arkansas Studies at the Central Arkansas Library System. Retrieved March 29, 2014.
  10. ^ Andreas, Thomas Alfred (1886). History of Chicago. Vol. 3. Chicago: A.T. Andreas, 1884-1886. pp. 398–407. ISBN 1236331788. Retrieved June 8, 2013.
  11. ^ a b LeMaster, Carolyn Gray. "Benjamin Joseph Altheimer Jr." Encyclopedia of Arkansas History and Culture. Retrieved June 10, 2013.
  12. ^ "Arkansas-Jefferson County". National Register of Historic Places. Retrieved June 10, 2013.
  13. ^ a b Norman, Bill. "Lake Dick." Encyclopedia of Arkansas History and Culture. Retrieved June 10, 2013.
  14. ^ a b c Colvin, Eplunus (October 2, 2020). "Closing schools took life out of Altheimer, residents recall". Arkansas Democrat-Gazette. Retrieved February 24, 2021.
  15. ^ "P004 Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2000: DEC Summary File 1 – Altheimer city, Arkansas". United States Census Bureau.
  16. ^ "P2 Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2010: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – Altheimer city, Arkansas". United States Census Bureau.
  17. ^ "P2 Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2020: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – Altheimer city, Arkansas". United States Census Bureau.
  18. ^ "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved September 28, 2013.
  19. ^ "2020 CENSUS - SCHOOL DISTRICT REFERENCE MAP: Jefferson County, AR" (PDF). U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved June 29, 2021. - The map shows Dollarway School District as not yet merged into Pine Bluff School District; the merger occurred on July 1, 2021.
  20. ^ Brown, Jeannette E. (August 21, 2009). Gloria L. Anderson, Transcript of Interview Conducted by Jeannette E. Brown at Morris Brown College Atlanta, Georgia on 21 August 2009 (PDF). Philadelphia, PA: Chemical Heritage Foundation. Her high school was called Altheimer Training School; the one for white students was called Altheimer High School.
  21. ^ Gertler, Diane B. "Directory Public Elementary and Secondary Day Schools 1968-69" (PDF). U.S. Department of Health, Education & Welfare Office of Education. p. 37 (PDF p. 41/266). Retrieved February 27, 2021.
  22. ^ Goatcher, Truett (January 1999). "School District Consolidation Will Save Millions of Dollars: Fact of Myth?" (PDF). Arkansas Association of Educational Administrators. p. 14 (PDF p. 17/27).
  23. ^ a b "ConsolidationAnnex_from_1983.xls Archived September 12, 2015, at the Wayback Machine." Arkansas Department of Education. Retrieved on July 31, 2017.
  24. ^ "2002-2003 Arkansas Education Directory." Arkansas Department of Education. Retrieved on July 31, 2017. Page 65 (PDF p. 71/157).
  25. ^ a b Hardy, Benjamin (July 28, 2016). "School's out forever". Arkansas Times. Retrieved July 31, 2017.
  26. ^ Briggs, Shakari (January 29, 2018). "Dollarway School District outlines master facilities plan". Pine Bluff Commercial. Retrieved February 25, 2021.
  27. ^ Howell, Cynthia (December 11, 2020). "State votes to combine Dollarway, Pine Bluff schools". Arkansas Democrat-Gazette. Retrieved February 23, 2021.
  28. ^ "Annexation/Transition FAQ". Pine Bluff School District. Retrieved February 23, 2021.
  29. ^ Murrel, I. C. (June 28, 2021). "Dollarway alumni honor district". Arkansas Democrat Gazette. Retrieved July 4, 2021.
  30. ^ Murrell, I. C. (March 1, 2023). "Pine Bluff School District will consolidate junior, senior highs this fall". Arkansas Democrat Gazette. Retrieved March 3, 2023.
  31. ^ a b "Altheimer Public Library." Pine Bluff-Jefferson County Library System. Retrieved on August 2, 2017.
  32. ^ "Altheimer Unified School District No. 22 Jefferson County, Arkansas General Purpose Financial Statements and Other Reports June 30, 2001." Legislative Joint Auditing Committee, Arkansas Legislature. Retrieved on August 2, 2017. page 3 (PDF p. 5/22).
  33. ^ Eagle, Bob; LeBlanc, Eric S. (2013). Blues: A Regional Experience. Santa Barbara, California: Praeger. p. 164. ISBN 978-0313344237.

Further reading

External links

source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Altheimer,_Arkansas