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The Speaker of the People's Assembly of Syria (Arabic: رئيس مجلس الشعب السوري, romanized: Raʼīs Majlis ash-Shaʻb as-Sūrī) represents the People's Assembly, Syria's legislature,[1] signs documents and speaks on its behalf.[2] Throughout its history, the Speaker has been responsible for representing the Assembly. As of 2017, 30 different people have served as speakers.
Election
A People's Assembly is elected every fourth calendar year.[3] The first meeting of a newly elected People's Assembly is responsible for electing its Speaker.[4]
Powers
The People's Assembly should meet at least three times a year, the Speaker has the power to convene an extraordinary meeting of the Assembly.[5] The guards of the People's Assembly are under the authority of the Speaker.[2]
Presidential elections
60 days before the term of the President expires, the Speaker calls for new elections.[6] All presidential candidates have to be approved personally by the Speaker.[6] If only one candidate is acceptable, the Speaker is supposed to postpone the elections.[6] The election result is to be announced when the results have been counted.[7]
List of officeholders
Syria under the Occupied Enemy Territory Administration (1917–1920)President of the Syrian National Congress (1919–1920) | ||||||||
| No. | Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) |
Term of office | Political party | Term | Convocation | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 
|
Hashim al-Atassi (1875–1960) |
11 December 1919 | 17 July 1920 | National Bloc | 1 (1919) |
1st convocation (1919–1920) | |
| 2 | 
|
Rashid Rida (1865–1935)[8][9] |
1920 | 1920 | Independent | 1 (1920) |
2nd convocation (1919–1920) | |
State of Syria, part of the French Mandate (1922–1930)Speaker of the Constituent Council (1923–1925) | ||||||||
| No. | Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) |
Term of office | Political party | Term | Convocation | ||
| 1 | 
|
Badih Muayyad al-Azm (1870–1960) |
12 November 1923 | 14 July 1925 | Independent | 1 (1923) |
1st convocation (1923–1928) | |
Speaker of the Constituent Assembly (1924–1930) | ||||||||
| No. | Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) |
Term of office | Political party | Term | Convocation | ||
| 1 |
|
Hashim al-Atassi (1875–1960) |
11 August 1928 | 6 September 1928 | National Bloc | 1 (1928) |
1st convocation (1928) | |
Syrian Republic (1930–1946)Chairman of the Council of Representatives (1932–1933) | ||||||||
| No. | Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) |
Term of office | Political party | Term | Convocation | ||
| 1 |
|
Barakat al-Khaldi | 7 June 1932 | 25 November 1933 | Independent | 1 (1932) |
1st convocation (1932–1933) | |
President of the Chamber of Deputies (1932–1946) | ||||||||
| No. | Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) |
Term of office | Political party | Term | Convocation | ||
| 1 | 
|
Subhi Barakat (1889–1939) |
January 1932 | 1932 | Independent | 1 (1932) |
2nd convocation (1932–1936) | |
| 2 | 
|
Fares al-Khoury (1877–1962) |
21 November 1936 | 8 July 1939 | National Bloc | 1 (1936) |
3rd convocation (1936–1943) | |
| Vacant (1939–1943) | ||||||||
| 2 |
|
Fares al-Khoury (1877–1962) |
17 August 1943 | 17 October 1944 | National Bloc | 2 (1943) |
4th convocation (1943–1947) | |
| 3 | 
|
Saadallah al-Jabiri (1893–1947) |
17 October 1944 | 15 September 1945 | National Bloc | 1 (1943) |
4th convocation (1943–1947) | |
| 2 |
|
Fares al-Khoury (1877–1962) |
16 September 1945 | 22 October 1946 | National Bloc | 1 (1943) |
4th convocation (1943–1947) | |
Syrian Republic (1946–1958)Speaker of the House of Representatives (1947–1949) | ||||||||
| No. | Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) |
Term of office | Political party | Term | Convocation | ||
| 2 |
|
Fares al-Khoury (1877–1962) |
27 September 1947 | 31 March 1949 | National Bloc People's Party |
2 (1947) |
5th convocation (1947–1949) | |
Speaker of the Constituent Assembly (1949–1951) | ||||||||
| No. | Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) |
Term of office | Political party | Term | Convocation | ||
| 4 | 
|
Rushdi al-Kikhya (1899–1987) |
12 December 1949 | 22 June 1951 | People's Party | 1 (1949) |
6th convocation (1949–1953) | |
| 5 |
|
Maarouf al-Dawalibi (1909–2004) |
23 June 1951 | 30 September 1951 | People's Party | 1 (1949) |
6th convocation (1949–1953) | |
| 6 | 
|
Nazim al-Qudsi (1906–1998) |
1 October 1951 | 2 December 1951 | People's Party | 1 (1949) |
6th convocation (1949–1953) | |
President of the Chamber of Deputies (1953–1954) | ||||||||
| No. | Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) |
Term of office | Political party | Term | Convocation | ||
| 7 | 
|
Maamun al-Kuzbari (1914–1998) |
24 October 1953 | 2 December 1954 | Independent | 1 (1953) |
7th convocation (1953–1954) | |
President of the Chamber of Deputies (1954–1958) | ||||||||
| No. | Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) |
Term of office | Political party | Term | Convocation | ||
| 6 |
|
Nazim al-Qudsi (1906–1998) |
14 October 1954 | 1 October 1957 | People's Party | 1 (1954) |
8th convocation (1954–1958) | |
| 8 | 
|
Akram al-Hawrani (1912–1996) |
14 October 1957 | 22 February 1958 | Ba'ath Party (Syria Region) |
1 (1954) |
8th convocation (1954–1958) | |
United Arab Republic (1958–1961)President of the Chamber of Deputies (1958–1960) | ||||||||
| No. | Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) |
Term of office | Political party | Term | Convocation | ||
| 1 |
|
Akram al-Hawrani (1912–1996) |
22 February 1958 | 20 July 1960 | Ba'ath Party (Syria Region) |
1 (1954) |
8th convocation (1954–1958) | |
Chairman of the Council of Nation (1960–1961) | ||||||||
| No. | Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) |
Term of office | Political party | Term | Convocation | ||
| 1 | 
|
Anwar Sadat (1918–1981) |
21 July 1960 | 17 September 1961 | National Union | 1 (1960) |
1st convocation (1960–1961) | |
Syrian Arab Republic (1961–present)President of the Chamber of Deputies (1961–1963) | ||||||||
| No. | Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) |
Term of office | Political party | Term | Convocation | ||
| 7 |
|
Maamun al-Kuzbari (1914–1998) |
12 December 1961 | 12 September 1962 | Independent | 1 (1961) |
9th convocation (1961–1963) | |
| 9 | 
|
Said al-Ghazzi (1893–1967) |
17 September 1962 | 8 March 1963 | Independent | 1 (1961) |
9th convocation (1961–1963) | |
Chairman of the National Revolutionary Council (1965–1966) | ||||||||
| No. | Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) |
Term of office | Political party | Term | Convocation | ||
| 1 | 
|
Mansur al-Atrash (1926–2006) |
1 September 1965 | 24 February 1966 | Ba'ath Party (Syria Region) |
1 (None) |
1st convocation (1965–1966) | |
Speaker of the People's Assembly (1971–present) | ||||||||
| No. | Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) |
Term of office | Political party | Term | Convocation | ||
| 1 | 
|
Ahmad al-Khatib (1933–1982) |
22 February 1971 | 26 December 1971 | Syrian Ba'ath Party (Syria Region) |
1 (None) |
1st convocation (1971–1973) | |
| 2 |
|
Fahmi al-Yusufi (?–2006) |
27 December 1971 | 21 February 1973 | Syrian Ba'ath Party (Syria Region) |
1 (None) |
1st convocation (1971–1973) | |
| 3 | 
|
Muhammad Ali al-Halabi (1937–2016) |
9 June 1973 | 8 June 1977 | Syrian Ba'ath Party (Syria Region) |
1 (1973) |
2nd convocation (1973–1977) | |
| 18 August 1977 | 27 March 1978 | 2 (1977) |
3rd convocation (1977–1981) | |||||
| 4 |
|
Mahmoud Hadid | 30 March 1978 | 17 August 1981 | Syrian Ba'ath Party (Syria Region) |
1 (1977) |
3rd convocation (1977–1981) | |
| 5 |
|
Mahmoud Al-Zoubi (1935–2000) |
16 November 1981 | 15 November 1985 | Syrian Ba'ath Party (Syria Region) |
1 (1981) |
4th convocation (1981–1985) | |
| 27 February 1986 | 18 February 1988 | 2 (1986) |
5th convocation (1986–1990) | |||||
| 6 |
|
Abd al-Qadir Qaddura (1935–2013) |
19 February 1988 | 16 February 1990 | Syrian Ba'ath Party (Syria Region) |
1 (1986) |
5th convocation (1986–1990) | |
| 11 June 1990 | 10 June 1994 | 2 (1990) |
6th convocation (1990–1994) | |||||
| 10 September 1994 | 9 September 1998 | 3 (1994) |
7th convocation (1994–1998) | |||||
| 1999 | 2002 | 4 (1998) |
8th convocation (1998–2003) | |||||
| 7 | 
|
Muhammad Naji al-Otari (born 1944) |
9 March 2003 | 18 September 2003 | Syrian Ba'ath Party (Syria Region) |
1 (2003) |
9th convocation (2003–2007) | |
| 8 | 
|
Mahmoud al-Abrash (born 1944) |
7 October 2003 | 8 March 2007 | Syrian Ba'ath Party (Syria Region) |
1 (2003) |
9th convocation (2003–2007) | |
| 7 May 2007 | 7 May 2012 | 2 (2007) |
10th convocation (2007–2012) | |||||
| 9 | 
|
Mohammad Jihad al-Laham (born 1954) |
24 May 2012 | 6 June 2016 | Syrian Ba'ath Party (Syria Region) |
1 (2012) |
11th convocation (2012–2016) | |
| 10 | 
|
Hadiya Khalaf Abbas (1958–2021) |
6 June 2016 | 20 July 2017 | Syrian Ba'ath Party (Syria Region) |
1 (2016) |
12th convocation (2016–2020) | |
| 11 | 
|
Hammouda Sabbagh (1959–) |
28 September 2017 | 2020 | Syrian Ba'ath Party (Syria Region) |
1 (2016) |
12th convocation (2016–2020) | |
| 2020 | Incumbent | 2 (2020) |
13th convocation (2020–present) | |||||
See also
- President of Syria
- Vice President of Syria
- Prime Minister of Syria
- Minister of Foreign Affairs and Expatriates (Syria)
References
- ^ "Article 55". 2012 Constitution of the Syrian Arab Republic. Government of the Syrian Arab Republic.
- ^ a b "Article 73". 2012 Constitution of the Syrian Arab Republic. Government of the Syrian Arab Republic.
- ^ "Article 56". 2012 Constitution of the Syrian Arab Republic. Government of the Syrian Arab Republic.
- ^ "Article 64". 2012 Constitution of the Syrian Arab Republic. Government of the Syrian Arab Republic.
- ^ "Article 65". 2012 Constitution of the Syrian Arab Republic. Government of the Syrian Arab Republic.
- ^ a b c "Article 85". 2012 Constitution of the Syrian Arab Republic. Government of the Syrian Arab Republic.
- ^ "Article 86". 2012 Constitution of the Syrian Arab Republic. Government of the Syrian Arab Republic.
- ^ Enayat, Hamid; ʻināyat, Ḥamīd (24 June 2005). Modern Islamic Political Thought. Bloomsbury Academic. ISBN 9781850434658.
- ^ Thompson, Elizabeth F. (1 January 2015). "Rashid Rida & the 1920 Syrian-Arab Constitution". Routledge Handbook of Middle East Mandates.
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