Colonel William A. Phillips

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Jordanian Bengali Pidgin Arabic is an Arabic pidgin spoken in Jordan. The pidgin was formed from contact between the Jordanian Arabic and Bengali languages.[1] UNESCO classifies it as "endangered/unsafe".[2]

Grammar

The past/perfect and the present/imperfect in Jordanian Benagli Pidgin Arabic are not preserved. Imperfect aspect is interchangeably used for the past and the present tense. This lack of inflection for tense can be compensated either by context or by the existence of some adverbs, such as ʕawwal, gabul and badēn. Moreover, the tense/aspect might expressed by the use of the JPA copula fī.

Phonology

Labial Dental/Alveolar Palatal Velar Glottal
Nasal m n
Stop voiceless p t k ʔ
voiced b d ɡ
Fricative voiceless f~p s h
voiced z
Tap/Trill ɾ~l
Approximant l j w

[3]

  • The glottal stop /ʔ/ was, in most of the contexts, realized as a longvowel or was lost[4]
  • Jordanian Bengali Pidgin Arabic speakers sometimes replaced the unvoiced labiodental fricative /f/ with the unvoiced stop /p/[5]
  • The interdental fricatives /θ/ and /ð/ have been replaced bytheir dental plosive counterparts /t/ and /d/[6]
  • The voiced fricative /z/, it sometimes shifts into its voiceless counterpart /s/[7]
  • The velar fricatives /ɣ/ and /x/ shifted to /k/ and /g/[8]
  • The pharyngeal /ħ/ is pronounced either as a slight /h/ or as a long vowel[9]
  • The Palatal Affricate /dʒ/ is substituted wwith the fricative /z/[10]

See also

Further reading

  • Al-Salman, Ibrahim Abdul Kareem (2013). Jordanian Pidgin Arabic (Thesis). Yarmouk University.
  • Al-Haq, Fawwaz Al-Abed; Al-Salman, Ibrahim Abdul Kareem (2014). Jordanian Pidgin Arabic (Thesis).

References

  1. ^ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Jordanian Bengali Pidgin Arabic". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
  2. ^ "Jordanian Bengali Pidgin Arabic". UNESCO WAL. Retrieved 2023-05-18.
  3. ^ Alsalman, Ibrahim (2013-08-01). "Jordanian Pidgin Arabic". Academia Edu. Archived from the original on 2024-01-03. Retrieved 2024-03-08.
  4. ^ Alsalman, Ibrahim (2013-08-01). "Jordanian Pidgin Arabic". Academia Edu. Archived from the original on 2024-01-03. Retrieved 2024-03-08.
  5. ^ Alsalman, Ibrahim (2013-08-01). "Jordanian Pidgin Arabic". Academia Edu. Archived from the original on 2024-01-03. Retrieved 2024-03-08.
  6. ^ Alsalman, Ibrahim (2013-08-01). "Jordanian Pidgin Arabic". Academia Edu. Archived from the original on 2024-01-03. Retrieved 2024-03-08.
  7. ^ Alsalman, Ibrahim (2013-08-01). "Jordanian Pidgin Arabic". Academia Edu. Archived from the original on 2024-01-03. Retrieved 2024-03-08.
  8. ^ Alsalman, Ibrahim (2013-08-01). "Jordanian Pidgin Arabic". Academia Edu. Archived from the original on 2024-01-03. Retrieved 2024-03-08.
  9. ^ Alsalman, Ibrahim (2013-08-01). "Jordanian Pidgin Arabic". Academia Edu. Archived from the original on 2024-01-03. Retrieved 2024-03-08.
  10. ^ Alsalman, Ibrahim (2013-08-01). "Jordanian Pidgin Arabic". Academia Edu. Archived from the original on 2024-01-03. Retrieved 2024-03-08.


source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jordanian_Bengali_Pidgin_Arabic