| Elections in Michigan |
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The following is a list of statewide initiatives and referendums modifying state law and proposing state constitutional amendments in Michigan, sorted by election.
1835–1899
1835
| Proposal name | Description[1] | Status[1] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Constitutional Question | A question as to whether to adopt the 1835 Constitution of Michigan | Passed | 6,752 (83.09%) | 1,374 (16.91%) |
1850
| Proposal name | Description[1] | Status[1] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Constitutional Question | A question as to whether to adopt the 1850 Constitution of Michigan | Passed | 36,169 (79.31%) | 9,433 (20.69%) |
| Proposal 1 | A constitutional amendment relating to equal suffrage for African-Americans | Failed | 12,840 (28.62%) | 32,026 (71.38%) |
1858
| Proposal name | Description[1] | Status[1] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 1 | A measure relating to general banking laws | Passed | 41,006 (67.37%) | 19,865 (32.63%) |
1860
| Proposal name | Description[1] | Status[1] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 1 | A constitutional amendment relating to the regulation of banking corporations | Passed | 59,954 (79.48%) | 15,477 (20.52%) |
| Proposal 2 | A constitutional amendment relating to sessions of the Michigan Legislature | Passed | 53,152 (74.44%) | 18,246 (25.56%) |
| Proposal 3 | A constitutional amendment relating to eminent domain | Passed | 62,936 (88.65%) | 8,054 (11.35%) |
1862
| Proposal name | Description[1] | Status[1] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 1 | A constitutional amendment relating to the removal of public officials from office | Passed | 3,180 (71.41%) | 1,273 (28.59%) |
| Proposal 2 | A constitutional amendment relating to the regulation of banks | Passed | 5,067 (75.50%) | 1,644 (24.50%) |
| Proposal 3 | A constitutional amendment relating to the selection of university regents | Passed | 4,363 (69.65%) | 1,901 (30.35%) |
| Proposal 4 | A constitutional amendment relating to the administration of elections in the Upper Peninsula | Passed | 5,193 (78.29%) | 1,440 (21.71%) |
| Proposal 5 | A constitutional amendment relating to future constitutional amendments | Passed | 4,375 (70.78%) | 1,806 (29.22%) |
1866
| Proposal name | Description[1] | Status[1] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 1 | A constitutional amendment relating to the ability of soldiers to vote | Passed | 86,354 (86.83%) | 13,094 (13.17%) |
| Proposal 2 | A proposal calling for a constitutional convention | Passed | 79,505 (73.53%) | 28,623 (26.47%) |
1868
| Proposal name | Description[1] | Status[1] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 1 | A constitutional amendment relating to sessions of the Michigan Legislature | Failed | 24,482 (19.62%) | 100,314 (80.38%) |
| Proposal 2 | A constitutional amendment relating to alcohol prohibition | Failed | 72,462 (45.69%) | 86,143 (54.31%) |
| Constitutional Question | A question as to whether to adopt the 1868 Constitution of Michigan | Failed | 71,733 (39.35%) | 110,582 (60.65%) |
1870
| Proposal name | Description[1] | Status[1] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 1 | A constitutional amendment relating to the power of county boards of supervisors | Failed | 39,180 (38.76%) | 61,904 (61.24%) |
| Proposal 2 | A constitutional amendment relating to the salaries of state government officials | Failed | 36,109 (34.38%) | 68,912 (65.62%) |
| Proposal 3 | A constitutional amendment relating to equal suffrage for African-Americans | Passed | 54,105 (51.67%) | 50,598 (48.33%) |
| Proposal 4 | A constitutional amendment relating to railroad rates | Passed | 78,602 (60.46%) | 51,397 (39.54%) |
| Proposal 5 | A constitutional amendment relating to rail monopolies | Passed | 76,912 (60.04%) | 51,194 (39.96%) |
| Proposal 6 | A constitutional amendment relating to government aid for railroads in the form of bonds | Failed | 50,078 (38.96%) | 78,453 (61.04%) |
1872
| Proposal name | Description[1] | Status[1] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 1 | A constitutional amendment relating to government aid for railroads in the form of bonds | Failed | 44,684 (38.66%) | 70,893 (61.34%) |
| Proposal 2 | A constitutional amendment relating to the structure of the circuit courts in Michigan | Failed | 47,972 (42.15%) | 65,848 (57.85%) |
| Proposal 3 | A constitutional amendment relating to salaries for circuit court judges | Failed | 57,326 (49.29%) | 58,987 (50.71%) |
1874
| Proposal name | Description[1] | Status[1] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 1 | A constitutional amendment relating to equal suffrage for women | Failed | 40,077 (22.77%) | 135,957 (77.23%) |
| Constitutional Question | A question as to whether to adopt the 1874 Constitution of Michigan | Failed | 39,285 (24.05%) | 124,034 (75.95%) |
1876
| Proposal name | Description[1] | Status[1] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 1 | A constitutional amendment relating to liquor licenses | Passed | 60,639 (53.57%) | 52,561 (46.43%) |
| Proposal 2 | A constitutional amendment relating to salaries for circuit court judges | Failed | 65,371 (49.77%) | 65,966 (50.23%) |
| Proposal 3 | A constitutional amendment modifying the timeframe to submit constitutional amendments | Passed | 52,306 (70.41%) | 21,984 (29.59%) |
1878
| Proposal name | Description[1] | Status[1] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 1 | A constitutional amendment modifying the position of Clerk of the Michigan Supreme Court | Failed | 30,313 (46.62%) | 34,712 (53.38%) |
| Proposal 2 | A constitutional amendment relating to corporation stockholder's liability | Failed | 24,770 (37.06%) | 42,064 (62.94%) |
1880
| Proposal name | Description[1] | Status[1] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 1 (April) | A constitutional amendment relating to the salary of the Governor of Michigan | Failed | 49,035 (34.83%) | 91,753 (65.17%) |
| Proposal 2 (November) | A constitutional amendment relating to the construction of a river crossing in Detroit | Failed | 37,340 (39.15%) | 58,040 (60.85%) |
1881
| Proposal name | Description[1] | Status[1] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 1 | A constitutional amendment relating to fines for libraries and schools | Passed | 51,475 (86.01%) | 8,370 (13.99%) |
| Proposal 2 | A constitutional amendment relating to the position of court clerk | Passed | 62,593 (90.41%) | 6,640 (9.59%) |
| Proposal 3 | A constitutional amendment relating to the circuit court system | Passed | 53,840 (89.04%) | 6,628 (10.96%) |
1882
| Proposal name | Description[1] | Status[1] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 1 | A constitutional amendment relating to salaries for circuit court judges | Passed | 85,705 (60.64%) | 55,638 (39.36%) |
| Proposal 2 | A constitutional amendment relating to boards of county auditors | Failed | 23,814 (38.48%) | 38,073 (61.52%) |
| Proposal 3 | A proposal calling for a constitutional convention | Failed | 20,937 (37.35%) | 35,123 (62.65%) |
1884
| Proposal name | Description[1] | Status[1] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 1 | A constitutional amendment relating to salaries for circuit court judges | Passed | 35,345 (55.24%) | 28,642 (44.76%) |
| Proposal 2 | A constitutional amendment relating to salaries for state legislators | Failed | 31,693 (37.55%) | 52,707 (62.45%) |
1886
| Proposal name | Description[1] | Status[1] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 1 | A constitutional amendment relating to the Wayne County board of auditors | Failed | 15,020 (41.98%) | 20,755 (58.02%) |
| Proposal 2 | A constitutional amendment relating to salaries for public officials | Failed | 40,445 (40.18%) | 60,220 (59.82%) |
1887
| Proposal name | Description[1] | Status[1] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 1 | A constitutional amendment relating to the sale of alcohol | Failed | 178,636 (49.22%) | 184,281 (50.78%) |
| Proposal 2 | A constitutional amendment relating to salaries for public officials | Failed | 72,718 (36.81%) | 124,838 (63.19%) |
1888
| Proposal name | Description[1] | Status[1] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 1 | A constitutional amendment relating to circuit courts | Passed | 21,221 (52.26%) | 19,382 (47.74%) |
| Proposal 2 | A question relating to banking regulation | Passed | 48,531 (70.51%) | 20,300 (29.49%) |
1889
| Proposal name | Description[1] | Status[1] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 1 | A constitutional amendment relating to circuit courts | Passed | 49,478 (58.38%) | 35,269 (41.62%) |
| Proposal 2 | A constitutional amendment relating to corporations | Failed | 35,269 (54.92%) | 28,950 (45.08%) |
| Proposal 3 | A constitutional amendment relating to the salary of the Governor of Michigan | Passed | 111,854 (60.68%) | 72,494 (39.32%) |
1890
| Proposal name | Description[1] | Status[1] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 1 | A proposal calling for a constitutional convention | Failed | 16,431 (38.49%) | 26,261 (61.51%) |
1891
| Proposal name | Description[1] | Status[1] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 1 | A constitutional amendment relating to the salary of the Michigan Attorney General | Failed | 69,248 (49.85%) | 69,651 (50.15%) |
1892
| Proposal name | Description[1] | Status[1] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 1 | A proposal calling for a constitutional convention | Failed[a] | 16,948 (51.06%) | 16,245 (48.94%) |
1893
| Proposal name | Description[1] | Status[1] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 1 | A constitutional amendment relating to the salaries of public officials | Failed | 59,317 (45.60%) | 70,772 (54.40%) |
| Proposal 2 | A constitutional amendment relating to internal government improvements | Passed | 72,745 (58.09%) | 52,476 (41.91%) |
| Proposal 3 | A constitutional amendment relating to the jurisdiction of circuit courts | Passed | 62,023 (55.97%) | 48,797 (44.03%) |
| Proposal 4 | A constitutional amendment relating to highway commissioners | Passed | 69,050 (53.54%) | 59,922 (46.46%) |
1894
| Proposal name | Description[1] | Status[1] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 1 | A constitutional amendment relating to voting rights | Passed | 127,758 (81.19%) | 29,607 (18.81%) |
| Proposal 2 | A constitutional amendment relating to minimum qualifications for electors | Passed | 117,088 (78.78%) | 31,537 (21.22%) |
1895
| Proposal name | Description[1] | Status[1] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 1 | A constitutional amendment relating to the salaries of public officials | Failed | 50,065 (26.47%) | 139,039 (73.53%) |
| Proposal 2 | A constitutional amendment relating to circuit courts | Failed | 60,567 (39.63%) | 92,278 (60.37%) |
1897
| Proposal name | Description[1] | Status[1] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 1 | A constitutional amendment relating to the salary of the Michigan Attorney General | Failed | 70,138 (43.53%) | 90,973 (56.47%) |
| Proposal 2 | A constitutional amendment relating to the Kent County board of auditors | Failed | 53,201 (47.93%) | 57,793 (52.07%) |
1898
| Proposal name | Description[1] | Status[1] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 1 | A proposal calling for a constitutional convention | Failed[b] | 162,163 (56.05%) | 127,147 (43.95%) |
1899
| Proposal name | Description[1] | Status[1] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 1 | A constitutional amendment relating to highway improvements | Passed | 130,416 (58.26%) | 93,442 (41.74%) |
| Proposal 2 | A constitutional amendment adding additional circuit court judges | Passed | 108,197 (50.78%) | 104,884 (49.22%) |
| Proposal 3 | A constitutional amendment relating to intermediate courts | Failed | 99,391 (49.29%) | 102,269 (50.71%) |
| Proposal 4 | A constitutional amendment relating to the state printing office | Failed | 105,711 (49.39%) | 108,317 (50.61%) |
1900–1949
1900
| Proposal name | Description[1] | Status[1] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 1 | A constitutional amendment relating to corporate taxes | Passed | 442,728 (88.99%) | 54,757 (11.01%) |
1901
| Proposal name | Description[1] | Status[1] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 1 | A constitutional amendment relating to the salaries of state legislators | Failed | 112,883 (37.57%) | 187,615 (62.43%) |
| Proposal 2 | A constitutional amendment adding additional circuit court judges | Failed | 110,855 (46.00%) | 130,108 (54.00%) |
1902
| Proposal name | Description[1] | Status[1] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 1 | A constitutional amendment relating to the publication of new laws | Passed | 155,837 (59.69%) | 105,241 (40.31%) |
| Proposal 2 | A constitutional amendment relating to "indeterminate sentence" | Passed | 146,265 (65.12%) | 78,338 (34.88%) |
1903
| Proposal name | Description[1] | Status[1] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 1 | A constitutional amendment relating to the salaries of circuit court judges | Passed | 105,618 (55.98%) | 83,048 (44.02%) |
| Proposal 2 | A constitutional amendment relating to boards of county auditors | Passed | 108,889 (56.27%) | 84,636 (43.73%) |
1904
| Proposal name | Description[1] | Status[1] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 1 | A proposal calling for a constitutional convention | Failed[c] | 165,123 (57.91%) | 120,018 (42.09%) |
| Proposal 2 | A constitutional amendment relating to the introduction of bills | Passed | 180,157 (64.62%) | 98,657 (35.38%) |
1905
| Proposal name | Description[1] | Status[1] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 1 | A constitutional amendment relating to public wagon roads | Passed | 205,750 (76.41%) | 63,506 (23.59%) |
| Proposal 2 | A constitutional amendment relating to the Genesee County board of auditors | Passed | 94,860 (59.40%) | 64,825 (40.60%) |
| Proposal 3 | A constitutional amendment relating to the salaries of circuit court judges | Passed | 91,994 (59.13%) | 63,590 (40.87%) |
1906
| Proposal name | Description[1] | Status[1] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 1 | A proposal calling for a constitutional convention | Passed | 196,780 (60.74%) | 127,189 (39.26%) |
1907
| Proposal name | Description[1] | Status[1] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 1 | A constitutional amendment relating to the salaries of circuit court judges | Passed | 94,585 (60.58%) | 61,550 (39.42%) |
| Proposal 2 | A constitutional amendment relating to boards of county auditors | Passed | 98,259 (61.31%) | 62,008 (38.69%) |
| Proposal 3 | A constitutional amendment relating to teaching convicts certain trades | Passed | 167,163 (66.34%) | 84,831 (33.66%) |
1908
| Proposal name | Description[1] | Status[1] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 1 | A constitutional amendment relating to corporate taxes | Passed | 227,899 (62.37%) | 137,500 (37.63%) |
| Proposal 2 | A question as to whether to adopt the 1908 Constitution of Michigan | Passed | 244,705 (65.17%) | 130,783 (34.83%) |
1910
| Proposal name | Description[2] | Status[2] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 1 | A constitutional amendment limiting the amount of debt counties can take on | Passed | 137,147 (51.58%) | 128,729 (48.42%) |
1911
| Proposal name | Description[2] | Status[2] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 1 | A constitutional amendment relating to the apportionment of education funds to primary schools | Passed | 246,167 (67.52%) | 118,391 (32.48%) |
1912
| Proposal name | Description[2] | Status[2] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 1 | A constitutional amendment relating to equal suffrage for women | Failed | 247,375 (49.92%) | 248,135 (50.08%) |
| Proposal 2 | A constitutional amendment relating to the modification of city charters | Passed | 285,373 (67.41%) | 137,972 (32.59%) |
1913
| Proposal name | Description[2] | Status[2] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 1 | A constitutional amendment relating to equal suffrage for women | Failed | 168,738 (38.91%) | 264,882 (61.09%) |
| Proposal 2 | A constitutional amendment relating to citizen-led ballot measures for constitutional matters | Passed | 204,796 (55.77%) | 162,392 (44.23%) |
| Proposal 3 | A constitutional amendment relating to citizen-led ballot measures for legislative matters | Passed | 219,057 (58.97%) | 152,388 (41.03%) |
| Proposal 4 | A constitutional amendment relating to firefighter's benefits | Failed | 179,948 (46.60%) | 206,204 (53.40%) |
| Proposal 5 | A constitutional amendment relating to the recall process for state officials | Passed | 237,743 (62.05%) | 145,412 (37.95%) |
1914
| Proposal name | Description[2] | Status[2] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 1 | A constitutional amendment relating to state-issued bonds for the purpose of constructing and improving wagon roads | Failed | 164,333 (44.85%) | 202,087 (55.15%) |
| Proposal 2 | A constitutional amendment relating to state-issued bonds for the purpose of constructing drains and developing agricultural lands | Failed | 165,290 (45.26%) | 199,873 (54.74%) |
| Proposal 3 | A constitutional amendment relating to absentee voting | Passed | 190,510 (51.99%) | 175,948 (48.01%) |
| Proposal 4 | A constitutional amendment relating to the regulation of fraternal beneficiary societies | Failed | 92,392 (24.05%) | 291,776 (75.95%) |
1915
| Proposal name | Description[2] | Status[2] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 1 | A constitutional amendment allowing drainage districts to issue bonds | No | 191,337 (49.07%) | 198,553 (50.93%) |
1916
| Proposal name | Description[2] | Status[2] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 1 | A constitutional amendment relating to alcohol prohibition | Passed | 353,378 (55.38%) | 284,754 (44.62%) |
| Proposal 2 | A constitutional amendment relating to the local option | Failed | 256,272 (40.35%) | 378,871 (59.65%) |
| Proposal 3 | A constitutional amendment relating to the right of repeal | Passed | 283,823 (50.73%) | 275,701 (49.27%) |
| Proposal 4 | A constitutional amendment relating to the regulation of fraternal beneficiary societies | Failed | 225,220 (39.17%) | 349,810 (60.83%) |
1917
| Proposal name | Description[2] | Status[2] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 1 | A constitutional amendment authorizing drainage districts to issue bonds | Passed | 198,918 (58.86%) | 139,027 (41.14%) |
| Proposal 2 | A constitutional amendment relating to "the elective franchise" | Passed | 216,270 (65.37%) | 114,594 (34.63%) |
| Proposal 3 | A constitutional amendment authorizing the state to acquire railroad properties | Passed | 242,969 (70.69%) | 100,722 (29.31%) |
| Proposal 4 | A constitutional amendment relating to the salary of public officials | Failed | 148,625 (43.49%) | 193,119 (56.51%) |
| Proposal 5 | A constitutional amendment relating to highway construction | Passed | 209,559 (62.29%) | 126,871 (37.71%) |
1918
| Proposal name | Description[2] | Status[2] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 1 | A constitutional amendment requiring that all ballot measures be printed on the same ballot | Passed | 317,070 (77.75%) | 90,744 (22.25%) |
| Proposal 2 | A constitutional amendment extending the right to vote to women | Passed | 229,790 (54.06%) | 195,284 (45.94%) |
1919
| Proposal name | Description[2] | Status[2] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 1 | A constitutional amendment authorizing the state to issue bonds for the purpose of constructing highways | Passed | 558,572 (71.26%) | 225,239 (28.74%) |
| Proposal 2 | A constitutional amendment relating to salary changes for state officials | Failed | 313,539 (42.81%) | 418,778 (57.19%) |
| Proposal 3 | A constitutional amendment relating to the manufacturing of alcoholic beverages | Failed | 322,603 (37.83%) | 530,123 (62.17%) |
1920
| Proposal name | Description[2] | Status[2] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 1 | A constitutional amendment relating to the salaries of some state officials | Failed | 348,311 (42.88%) | 463,959 (57.12%) |
| Proposal 2 | A constitutional amendment relating to minimum qualifications for electors | Passed | 415,780 (53.61%) | 359,749 (46.39%) |
| Proposal 3 | A constitutional amendment relating to compulsory school attendance | Failed | 353,817 (36.68%) | 610,699 (63.32%) |
| Proposal 4 | A constitutional amendment relating to property condemnation | Failed | 360,668 (45.08%) | 439,373 (54.92%) |
| Proposal 5 | A constitutional amendment relating to working hours for men | Passed | 420,085 (50.40%) | 413,362 (49.60%) |
1921
| Proposal name | Description[2] | Status[2] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 1 | A constitutional amendment allowing the state to issue bonds as bonuses for soldiers of World War I | Passed | 471,159 (71.74%) | 185,602 (28.26%) |
1922
| Proposal name | Description[2] | Status[2] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 1 | A constitutional amendment relating to a state income tax | Failed | 180,176 (36.00%) | 320,269 (64.00%) |
| Proposal 2 | A constitutional amendment relating to ports and port districts | Failed | 221,543 (49.06%) | 230,060 (50.94%) |
| Proposal 3 | A constitutional amendment relating to property condemnation | Failed | 204,564 (42.54%) | 276,304 (57.46%) |
1923
| Proposal name | Description[2] | Status[2] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 1 | A constitutional amendment relating to ports and port districts | Passed | 266,623 (56.18%) | 207,926 (43.82%) |
1924
| Proposal name | Description[2] | Status[2] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 1 | A constitutional amendment relating to compulsory school attendance | Failed | 421,472 (35.66%) | 760,571 (64.34%) |
| Proposal 2 | A constitutional amendment relating to a state income tax | Failed | 216,437 (19.15%) | 913,833 (80.85%) |
| Proposal 3 | A constitutional amendment relating to state legislative districts | Failed | 231,718 (22.87%) | 781,351 (77.13%) |
1926
| Proposal name | Description[2] | Status[2] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 1 | A constitutional amendment relating to salaries for state legislators | Failed | 189,739 (40.46%) | 279,241 (59.54%) |
| Proposal 2 | A constitutional amendment relating to term limits for sheriffs | Passed | 278,329 (56.25%) | 216,463 (43.75%) |
| Proposal 3 | A constitutional amendment relating to the creation of metropolitan districts | Failed | 207,993 (47.56%) | 229,314 (52.44%) |
| Proposal 4 | A constitutional amendment relating to property condemnation | Failed | 204,859 (46.93%) | 231,672 (53.07%) |
| Proposal 5 | A constitutional amendment generally revising the constitution | Failed | 119,491 (29.52%) | 285,252 (70.48%) |
1927
| Proposal name | Description[2] | Status[2] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 1 | A constitutional amendment relating to the creation of metropolitan districts | Passed | 210,880 (51.26%) | 200,490 (48.74%) |
1928
| Proposal name | Description[2] | Status[2] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 1 | A constitutional amendment relating to salaries for state legislators | Passed | 441,114 (51.38%) | 417,419 (48.62%) |
| Proposal 2 | A constitutional amendment relating to property condemnation | Passed | 490,032 (54.27%) | 412,928 (45.73%) |
| Proposal 3 | A constitutional amendment modifying legislative districts | Passed | 523,127 (57.50%) | 386,673 (42.50%) |
1930
| Proposal name | Description[2] | Status[2] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 1 | A constitutional amendment relating to township officers elections | Failed | 275,781 (42.71%) | 369,906 (57.29%) |
| Proposal 2 | A constitutional amendment relating to river improvement projects | Failed | 300,990 (45.62%) | 358,734 (54.38%) |
| Proposal 3 | A constitutional amendment increasing the homestead exemption | Failed | 298,909 (45.58%) | 356,938 (54.42%) |
| Proposal 4 | A constitutional amendment relating to legislative districts | Failed | 292,659 (41.59%) | 411,043 (58.41%) |
| Proposal 5 | A referendum to uphold a law taxing cigarettes | Failed | 198,515 (30.50%) | 452,375 (69.50%) |
1931
| Proposal name | Description[2] | Status[2] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 1 | A referendum to uphold a law relating to capital punishment | Failed | 269,538 (43.32%) | 352,594 (56.68%) |
| Proposal 2 | A constitutional amendment relating to landing fields improvements | Failed | 263,508 (41.21%) | 375,935 (58.79%) |
| Proposal 3 | A constitutional amendment relating to state debt | Failed | 262,394 (41.18%) | 374,754 (58.82%) |
1932
| Proposal name | Description[2] | Status[2] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 1 | A constitutional amendment establishing the Michigan Liquor Control Commission | Passed | 1,022,508 (68.27%) | 475,265 (31.73%) |
| Proposal 2 | A constitutional amendment limiting property taxes | Passed | 671,124 (51.11%) | 641,962 (48.89%) |
| Proposal 3 | A constitutional amendment relating to terms of office for state legislators | Failed | 520,740 (43.89%) | 665,766 (56.11%) |
| Proposal 4 | A constitutional amendment relating to homestead tax exemptions | Failed | 445,141 (36.84%) | 763,311 (63.16%) |
| Proposal 5 | A constitutional amendment changing residency requirements for electors | Passed | 662,588 (58.15%) | 476,849 (41.85%) |
| Proposal 6 | A constitutional amendment relating to criminal pardons | Failed | 590,260 (48.91%) | 616,583 (51.09%) |
| Proposal 7 | A constitutional amendment restricting the vote on bond issues to impacted property owners | Passed | 642,142 (52.86%) | 572,625 (47.14%) |
| Proposal 8 | A referendum to uphold a law regulating the sale of oleomargarine | Failed | 432,966 (36.47%) | 754,372 (63.53%) |
1934
| Proposal name | Description[2] | Status[2] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 1 | A constitutional amendment limiting some gasoline taxes | Failed | 280,765 (25.63%) | 814,616 (74.37%) |
| Proposal 2 | A constitutional amendment abolishing uniform taxation | Failed | 245,648 (23.53%) | 798,193 (76.47%) |
| Proposal 3 | A constitutional amendment limiting vehicle registration fees | Failed | 292,760 (28.85%) | 722,132 (71.15%) |
| Proposal 4 | A constitutional amendment making the position of judge nonpartisan | Failed | 501,580 (47.26%) | 559,851 (52.74%) |
| Proposal 5 | A constitutional amendment allowing counties to adopt home rule | Failed | 399,135 (38.87%) | 627,595 (61.13%) |
| Proposal 6 | A constitutional amendment relating to justices of the peace | Failed | 154,326 (15.96%) | 812,856 (84.04%) |
| Proposal 7 | A referendum upholding a law allowing the state to contract debt for the purpose of construction projects | Failed | 51,378 (16.40%) | 261,844 (83.60%) |
1935
| Proposal name | Description[2] | Status[2] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 1 | A constitutional amendment relating to contested elections | Passed | 485,859 (65.71%) | 253,539 (34.29%) |
1936
| Proposal name | Description[2] | Status[2] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 1 | A constitutional amendment relating to the use of firearms as evidence in criminal proceedings | Passed | 815,221 (58.67%) | 574,324 (41.33%) |
| Proposal 2 | A constitutional amendment permitting counties to incorporate | Failed | 583,057 (43.63%) | 753,315 (56.37%) |
| Proposal 3 | A constitutional amendment relating to exempting some types of food from sales tax | Failed | 581,485 (38.10%) | 944,573 (61.90%) |
| Proposal 4 | A constitutional amendment creating a state income tax | Failed | 382,262 (27.02%) | 1,032,384 (72.98%) |
1938
| Proposal name | Description[2] | Status[2] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 1 | A constitutional amendment increasing county office terms from two years to four years | Failed | 414,832 (32.24%) | 872,057 (67.76%) |
| Proposal 2 | A constitutional amendment making Michigan Supreme Court justices be appointed and nonpartisan | Failed | 504,904 (40.39%) | 745,312 (59.61%) |
| Proposal 3 | A constitutional amendment requiring that gas taxes be used only to fund highway and road improvements | Passed | 813,289 (60.55%) | 529,859 (39.45%) |
| Proposal 4 | A referendum to uphold a social security law | Failed | 497,569 (46.49%) | 572,756 (53.51%) |
1939
| Proposal name | Description[2] | Status[2] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 1 | A constitutional amendment making the position of judge a nonpartisan one | Passed | 376,246 (60.93%) | 241,252 (39.07%) |
| Proposal 2 | A constitutional amendment granting circuit court commissioners additional powers | Failed | 205,711 (36.89%) | 351,961 (63.11%) |
1940
| Proposal name | Description[2] | Status[2] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 1 | A constitutional amendment exempting school districts from some tax limitations | Failed | 602,952 (41.69%) | 843,159 (58.31%) |
| Proposal 2 | A constitutional amendment establishing a system of civil service | Passed | 766,764 (51.93%) | 709,894 (48.07%) |
| Proposal 3 | A referendum upholding a law which modified vehicle permitting requirements | Failed | 640,051 (40.76%) | 930,227 (59.24%) |
| Proposal 4 | A referendum upholding a law further regulating the practice of dentistry and dental surgery | Passed | 735,053 (58.73%) | 516,597 (41.27%) |
1941
| Proposal name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 1 | A constitutional amendment relating to the circulation of constitutional amendment petitions[3] | Passed[3] | 386,859 (56.73%) | 295,083 (43.27%) |
| Proposal 2 | A constitutional amendment relating to the circulation of initiative and referendum petitions[3] | Passed[3] | 372,796 (57.70%) | 273,275 (42.30%) |
1942
| Proposal name | Description[4]: 307–309 | Status[4]: 307–309 | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 1 | A proposal calling for a constitutional convention | Failed | 408,188 (46.56%) | 468,506 (53.44%) |
| Proposal 2 | A constitutional amendment allowing Wayne County to adopt a charter | Failed | 432,164 (48.70%) | 455,320 (51.30%) |
| Proposal 3 | A referendum upholding a law creating a Milk Marketing Board | Failed | 318,899 (35.27%) | 585,380 (64.73%) |
1943
| Proposal name | Description[4]: 590–591 | Status[4]: 590–591 | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 1 | A constitutional amendment setting township officer terms at two years | Passed | 215,957 (62.14%) | 131,554 (37.86%) |
| Proposal 2 | A constitutional amendment relating to homestead mortgages | Passed | 169,736 (57.36%) | 126,164 (42.64%) |
1944
| Proposal name | Description[5] | Status[6]: 323–326 | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 1 | A constitutional amendment modifying water furnishing limits | Passed | 860,219 (60.23%) | 568,090 (39.77%) |
| Proposal 2 | A constitutional amendment modifying the eligibility of state legislators to run for other offices | Failed | 676,142 (48.23%) | 725,858 (51.77%) |
| Proposal 3 | A constitutional amendment relating to the salaries of state legislators | Failed | 614,300 (43.34%) | 803,104 (56.66%) |
| Proposal 4 | A constitutional amendment allowing Wayne County to adopt a charter | Failed | 638,876 (42.85%) | 851,926 (57.15%) |
1945
| Proposal name | Description[6]: 619–620 | Status[6]: 619–620 | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 1 | A constitutional amendment modifying taxation | Failed | 115,463 (33.25%) | 231,742 (66.75%) |
| Proposal 2 | A constitutional amendment authorizing the state to control rivers and other waterways | Passed | 189,313 (57.74%) | 138,558 (42.26%) |
1946
| Proposal name | Description[7] | Status[7] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 1 | A constitutional amendment limiting state control over some things | Passed | 921,144 (68.36%) | 426,430 (31.64%) |
| Proposal 2 | A constitutional amendment returning a portion of sales tax revenues to some municipalities | Passed | 864,530 (59.65%) | 584,689 (40.35%) |
| Proposal 3 | A constitutional amendment relating to payments for soldiers in World War II | Passed | 871,296 (61.34%) | 549,242 (38.66%) |
1948
| Proposal name | Description[8][9] | Status[9] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 1 | A constitutional amendment relating to the order of succession | Passed | 1,055,632 (68.07%) | 495,214 (31.93%) |
| Proposal 2 | A constitutional amendment relating to the distribution of state sales tax and annual school grants | Failed | 343,217 (19.18%) | 1,446,016 (80.82%) |
| Proposal 3 | A constitutional amendment relating to the salaries of state officials | Passed | 935,441 (63.75%) | 531,950 (36.25%) |
| Proposal 4 | A constitutional amendment relating to the salaries of state legislators | Passed | 911,473 (60.80%) | 587,691 (39.20%) |
| Proposal 5 | A constitutional amendment modifying the property tax system | Passed | 962,800 (56.79%) | 732,677 (43.21%) |
| Proposal 6 | A referendum upholding a law relating to foreign agencies | Passed | 890,435 (60.33%) | 585,469 (39.67%) |
| Proposal 7 | A proposal relating to a general revision of the constitution | Failed[d] | 855,451 (51.70%) | 799,198 (48.30%) |
1950–1999
1950
| Proposal name | Description[10]: 511–514 | Status[10]: 511–514 | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 1 | A constitutional amendment relating to voting rights | Passed | 907,312 (68.48%) | 417,652 (31.52%) |
| Proposal 2 | A constitutional amendment authorizing the state to issue some form of bond | Passed | 1,224,249 (79.81%) | 309,657 (20.19%) |
| Proposal 3 | A constitutional amendment relating to the definition of subversion | Passed | 823,938 (61.29%) | 520,412 (38.71%) |
| Proposal 4 | An initiative permitting the sale of oleomargarine | Passed | 1,090,000 (65.98%) | 562,034 (34.02%) |
1951
| Proposal name | Description[10]: 602–604 | Status[10]: 602–604 | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 1 | A constitutional amendment relating to meetings of the state legislature | Passed | 405,570 (69.63%) | 176,873 (30.37%) |
| Proposal 2 | A constitutional amendment authorizing the payment of a death benefit bonus | Passed | 401,117 (64.11%) | 224,564 (35.89%) |
| Proposal 3 | A constitutional amendment relating to the salaries of Supreme Court justices | Failed | 276,632 (46.75%) | 315,140 (53.25%) |
1952
| Proposal name | Description[11] | Status[11] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 1 | A constitutional amendment relating to police authority over narcotic drugs investigations | Passed | 1,910,728 (83.33%) | 382,285 (16.67%) |
| Proposal 2 | A constitutional amendment providing for reapportionment every ten years | Failed | 924,242 (39.50%) | 1,415,355 (60.50%) |
| Proposal 3 | A constitutional amendment providing for reapportionment every ten years | Passed | 1,269,807 (56.55%) | 975,518 (43.45%) |
1954
| Proposal name | Description[12] | Status[12] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 1 | A constitutional amendment relating to the elective franchise | Passed | 1,202,811 (72.10%) | 465,556 (27.90%) |
| Proposal 2 | A constitutional amendment relating to sales taxes | Passed | 1,182,412 (72.74%) | 443,079 (27.26%) |
| Proposal 3 | A constitutional amendment authorizing bonus payments for veterans of the Korean War | Passed | 1,166,564 (68.26%) | 542,541 (31.74%) |
| Proposal 4 | A constitutional amendment permitting the Michigan State Legislature to authorize charitable lotteries | Failed | 903,303 (48.89%) | 944,388 (51.11%) |
1955
| Proposal name | Description[12] | Status[12] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 1 | A constitutional amendment relating to nonpartisan judicial elections | Passed | 559,279 (70.27%) | 236,620 (29.73%) |
| Proposal 2 | A constitutional amendment relating to minimum judge qualifications | Passed | 596,145 (72.12%) | 230,489 (27.88%) |
| Proposal 3 | A constitutional amendment authorizing the state to borrow up to $100,000,000 (equivalent to $1,137,391,304 in 2023) for loans to school districts | Passed | 455,868 (54.40%) | 382,093 (45.60%) |
| Proposal 4 | A constitutional amendment providing for a bipartisan board of state canvassers | Passed | 456,986 (60.59%) | 297,250 (39.41%) |
1956
| Proposal name | Description[13] | Status[13] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 1 | A constitutional amendment relating to the minimum qualifications for state legislators | Passed | 1,720,297 (86.16%) | 276,229 (13.84%) |
1958
| Proposal name | Description[14] | Status[14] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 1 | A proposal calling for a constitutional convention | Failed[d] | 821,282 (57.45%) | 608,365 (42.55%) |
1959
| Proposal name | Description[14] | Status[14] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 1 | A constitutional amendment establishing government continuity procedures | Passed | 702,183 (74.76%) | 237,071 (25.24%) |
| Proposal 2 | A constitutional amendment changing the name of Michigan State University's governing body | Passed | 595,333 (65.38%) | 315,223 (34.62%) |
1960
| Proposal name | Description[15]: 460–462 | Status[15]: 460–462 | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 1 | A constitutional amendment relating to school bonds and state loans to school districts | Passed | 1,416,188 (59.99%) | 944,536 (40.01%) |
| Proposal 2 | A constitutional amendment increasing the sales tax limitation | Passed | 1,250,264 (50.41%) | 1,230,001 (49.59%) |
| Proposal 3 | A constitutional amendment changing the process for calling a constitutional convention | Passed | 1,312,215 (57.76%) | 959,527 (42.24%) |
1961
| Proposal name | Description[15]: 634–635 | Status[15]: 634–635 | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 1 | A proposal calling for a constitutional convention | Passed | 596,433 (51.00%) | 573,012 (49.00%) |
| Proposal 2 | A constitutional amendment relating to state aid for industrial development | Failed | 541,826 (48.80%) | 568,476 (51.20%) |
1962
| Proposal name | Description[16]: 437 | Status[16]: 437 | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amendment 1 | A constitutional amendment relating to the revision process for laws | Passed | 890,005 (53.79%) | 764,673 (46.21%) |
1963
| Proposal name | Description[16]: 437 | Status[16]: 437 | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amendment 1 | A proposal to adopt the 1963 Michigan State Constitution | Passed | 810,860 (50.23%) | 803,436 (49.77%) |
1964
| Proposal name | Description[17] | Status[17] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal C | A referendum to uphold a law preventing the use of straight ticket voting | Failed | 795,546 (34.42%) | 1,515,875 (65.58%) |
1966
| Proposal name | Description[18] | Status[18] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 1 | A constitutional amendment lowering the voting age from 21 years to 18 years | Failed | 703,076 (35.67%) | 1,267,872 (64.33%) |
1968
| Proposal name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 1 (August) | A constitutional amendment establishing a judicial tenure commission and providing for its membership and duties[19] | Passed[18] | 553,182 (70.75%) | 228,738 (29.25%) |
| Proposal 2 (August) | A constitutional amendment providing for a state officer's compensation commission and providing for its membership, duties, and limitations[19] | Passed[18] | 417,393 (54.62%) | 346,839 (45.38%) |
| Proposal 3 (August) | A constitutional amendment providing that the Governor of Michigan fill judicial vacancies and extending existing constitutional provisions to appointed judges[19] | Passed[18] | 494,512 (64.98%) | 266,561 (35.02%) |
| Proposal 1 (November) | A constitutional amendment permitting the state to impose a graduated income tax[18] | Failed[18] | 614,826 (23.29%) | 2,025,052 (76.71%) |
| Proposal 2 (November) | A referendum upholding a law permitting the establishment of daylight saving time[17] | Failed[17] | 1,402,562 (49.99%) | 1,403,052 (50.01%) |
| Proposal 3 (November) | An initiative authorizing the state to issue bonds for the purpose of constructing water pollution prevention facilities[17] | Passed[17] | 1,906,385 (70.54%) | 796,079 (29.46%) |
| Proposal 4 | An initiative authorizing the state to issue bonds for the purpose of constructing public recreational facilities[17] | Passed[17] | 1,384,254 (52.84%) | 1,235,681 (47.16%) |
| Proposal 5 | A constitutional amendment permitting the election of members of the legislature to other state offices[18] | Failed[18] | 778,388 (30.39%) | 1,783,186 (69.61%) |
1970
| Proposal name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal A | An initiative authorizing the state to issue bonds for urban redevelopment[17] | Failed[17] | 921,482 (39.89%) | 1,388,737 (60.11%) |
| Proposal B | A constitutional amendment lowering the voting age from 21 years to 18 years[18] | Failed[18] | 924,981 (39.00%) | 1,446,884 (61.00%) |
| Proposal C | A constitutional amendment prohibiting public aid to nonpublic schools and students[18] | Passed[18] | 1,416,838 (56.77%) | 1,078,740 (43.23%) |
1972
| Proposal name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal A (May) | A constitutional amendment allowing the legislature to authorize lotteries and the sale of lottery tickets[20] | Passed[18] | 1,352,768 (72.75%) | 506,778 (27.25%) |
| Proposal B (May) | A constitutional amendment permitting members of the Michigan State Legislature to resign and accept another office to which they have been elected or appointed[20] | Failed[18] | 866,593 (48.63%) | 915,312 (51.37%) |
| Proposal A (August) | A constitutional amendment allowing trial by jury of less than 12 jurors in all prosecutions in all courts for misdemeanors punishable by imprisonment for not more than 1 year[20] | Passed[18] | 696,570 (66.10%) | 357,186 (33.90%) |
| Proposal A (November) | An initiative establishing daylight saving time in Michigan[20] | Passed[17] | 1,754,887 (54.57%) | 1,460,724 (45.43%) |
| Proposal B (November) | An initiative allowing physicians to perform abortions prior to 20 weeks[20] | Failed[17] | 1,270,416 (39.35%) | 1,958,265 (60.65%) |
| Proposal C | A constitutional amendment limiting property taxes for the purpose of funding schools and establishing a state fund for the support of schools[20] | Failed[18] | 1,324,702 (42.19%) | 1,815,126 (57.81%) |
| Proposal D | A constitutional amendment allowing the legislature to impose an income tax and allowing municipalities to impose income taxes[20] | Failed[18] | 959,286 (31.33%) | 2,102,744 (68.67%) |
| Proposal E | An initiative authorizing the state to issue bonds for the purpose of providing benefits to veterans[20] | Failed[17] | 1,490,968 (48.19%) | 1,603,203 (51.81%) |
1974
| Proposal name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal A | A constitutional amendment limiting the use of the motor fuel tax fund[18] | Failed[18] | 1,091,938 (48.79%) | 1,146,109 (51.21%) |
| Proposal B | An initiative authorizing the state to issue bonds for the purpose of providing benefits to veterans[17] | Passed[17] | 1,668,641 (70.45%) | 700,041 (29.55%) |
| Proposal C | A constitutional amendment eliminating the sales and use tax on food and prescription drugs[18] | Passed[18] | 1,337,609 (55.53%) | 1,071,253 (44.47%) |
| Proposal D | An initiative authorizing the state to issue bonds for the purpose of funding transportation systems[17] | Failed[17] | 963,576 (42.20%) | 1,319,586 (57.80%) |
1976
| Proposal name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal A | An initiative creating a bottle buyback program[17] | Passed[17] | 2,160,398 (63.77%) | 1,227,254 (36.23%) |
| Proposal B | A constitutional amendment lowering the age of eligibility for state legislators from 21 years to 18 years[18] | Failed[18] | 698,993 (21.31%) | 2,580,945 (78.69%) |
| Proposal C | A constitutional amendment placing a limit on a state income tax to 8.3%[18] | Failed[18] | 1,407,438 (42.99%) | 1,866,620 (57.01%) |
| Proposal D | A constitutional amendment removing the ban on a graduated income tax[18] | Failed[18] | 897,780 (27.79%) | 2,332,513 (72.21%) |
1978
| Proposal name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal A | A proposal calling for a constitutional convention[18] | Failed[18] | 640,286 (23.26%) | 2,112,549 (76.74%) |
| Proposal B | An initiative to revise standards for parole[17] | Passed[17] | 2,075,599 (74.48%) | 711,262 (25.52%) |
| Proposal C | A constitutional amendment allowing the state to deposit funds in savings and loan associations, credit unions, and banks[18] | Passed[18] | 1,819,847 (66.11%) | 933,101 (33.89%) |
| Proposal D | A constitutional amendment raising the drinking age to 21 years[18] | Passed[18] | 1,609,589 (57.12%) | 1,208,497 (42.88%) |
| Proposal E | A constitutional amendment establishing limits on taxes imposed by the legislature and locla governments[18] | Passed[18] | 1,450,150 (52.46%) | 1,313,984 (47.54%) |
| Proposal G | A constitutional amendment allowing for Michigan State Police to engage in collective bargaining[18] | Passed[18] | 1,535,023 (56.04%) | 1,203,930 (43.96%) |
| Proposal H | A constitutional amendment prohibiting the use of property taxes for school operating expenses and establishing a voucher system[18] | Failed[18] | 718,440 (25.71%) | 2,075,583 (74.29%) |
| Proposal J | A constitutional amendment modifying the property and school tax system[18] | Failed[18] | 1,032,343 (37.28%) | 1,737,133 (62.72%) |
| Proposal K | A constitutional amendment allowing courts to deny bail for violent crimes and providing for the commencement of trials within 90 days[18] | Passed[18] | 2,307,038 (83.43%) | 458,357 (16.57%) |
| Proposal M | A constitutional amendment modifying the percentage of gas tax revenues used for road improvements[18] | Passed[18] | 1,478,316 (54.52%) | 1,233,196 (45.48%) |
| Proposal R | A constitutional amendment requiring the state to create a railroad redevelopment authority[18] | Failed[18] | 1,257,606 (47.05%) | 1,415,441 (52.95%) |
1980
| Proposal name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal A | A constitutional amendment modifying the powers of local school boards[18] | Failed[18] | 746,027 (21,22%) | 2,769,497 (78.78%) |
| Proposal B | A constitutional amendment lowering the drinking age to 19 years[18] | Failed[18] | 1,403,935 (38.41%) | 2,250,873 (61.59%) |
| Proposal C | A constitutional amendment providing property tax relief[18] | Failed[18] | 894,441 (25.72%) | 2,583,253 (74.28%) |
| Proposal D | A constitutional amendment substantially modifying the property tax system[18] | Failed[18] | 1,622,301 (44.16%) | 2,051,008 (55.84%) |
| Proposal E | An initiative increasing the state income tax for the purpose of funding corrections programs[17] | Failed[17] | 1,288,999 (36.92%) | 2,202,042 (63.08%) |
| Proposal G | A constitutional amendment allowing the legislature to modify rules relating to legislative immunity[18] | Failed[18] | 1,287,172 (37.62%) | 2,134,546 (62.38%) |
| Proposal H | A constitutional amendment modifying the authority of the Lieutenant Governor of Michigan[18] | Failed[18] | 1,410,912 (42.27%) | 1,927,001 (57.73%) |
1981
| Proposal name | Description[18] | Status[18] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal A | A constitutional amendment substantially modifying the tax system | Failed | 560,924 (27.88%) | 1,451,305 (72.12%) |
1982
| Proposal name | Description[17][18] | Status[17][18] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal A | A constitutional amendment allowing the legislature to pass laws relating to legislative immunity | Passed | 1,804,728 (63.67%) | 1,029,743 (36.33%) |
| Proposal B | A constitutional amendment creating a Michigan Department of State Police | Failed | 720,915 (25.45%) | 2,111,802 (74.55%) |
| Proposal C | An initiative prohibiting lenders from using a "due on sale" clause in foreclosure proceedings | Failed | 1,344,463 (48.18%) | 1,445,897 (51.82%) |
| Proposal D | An initiative prohibiting utility rate increases unless a notice period and hearing has taken place | Passed | 1,472,442 (50.70%) | 1,431,884 (49.30%) |
| Proposal E | An initiative calling for a nuclear weapons freeze between the USSR and the USA | Passed | 1,585,809 (56.60%) | 1,216,172 (43.40%) |
| Proposal G | A constitutional amendment establishing an elected Public Service Commission | Failed | 1,026,160 (36.68%) | 1,771,098 (63.32%) |
| Proposal H | A constitutional amendment prohibiting some utility rate adjustments | Passed | 1,670,381 (59.61%) | 1,131,990 (40.39%) |
1984
| Proposal name | Description[18] | Status[18] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal A | A constitutional amendment allowing the state legislature to overturn administrative rules | Failed | 1,280,948 (41.21%) | 1,827,677 (58.79%) |
| Proposal B | A constitutional amendment establishing a natural resources trust fund | Passed | 2,066,554 (64.84%) | 1,120,794 (35.16%) |
| Proposal C | A constitutional amendment modifying tax rates | Failed | 1,376,141 (40.33%) | 2,035,867 (59.67%) |
1986
| Proposal name | Description[18] | Status[18] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal A | A constitutional amendment establishing a state library within the legislative branch | Failed | 908,627 (49.24%) | 936,643 (50.76%) |
| Proposal B | A constitutional amendment allowing the state legislature to overturn administrative rules | Failed | 648,116 (36.31%) | 1,136,721 (63.69%) |
| Proposal C | A constitutional amendment allowing the state officials compensation commission to set salaries for the Michigan Attorney General and Michigan Secretary of State | Failed | 905,767 (49.88%) | 910,297 (50.12%) |
1988
| Proposal name | Description[17][18] | Status[17][18] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal A | A referendum upholding a law which prohibited the use of public funds for abortions if the recipient was on welfare | Passed | 1,959,727 (56.87%) | 1,486,371 (43.13%) |
| Proposal B | A constitutional amendment providing for victim's rights | Passed | 2,662,796 (80.37%) | 650,515 (19.63%) |
| Proposal C | An initiative authorizing the state to issue bonds for the purpose of funding environmental protection programs | Passed | 2,528,109 (76.55%) | 774,451 (23.45%) |
| Proposal D | An initiative authorizing the state to issue bonds for the purpose of funding public recreation projects | Passed | 2,055,290 (63.01%) | 1,206,465 (36.99%) |
1989
| Proposal name | Description[18] | Status[18] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal A | A constitutional amendment increasing the sales tax and dedicating increased revenue to public schools | Failed | 514,407 (27.72%) | 1,341,292 (72.28%) |
| Proposal B | A constitutional amendment increasing the sales tax, dedicating increased revenue to public schools, and requiring voter renewal of property taxes | Failed | 436,958 (23.89%) | 1,392,053 (76.11%) |
1992
| Proposal name | Description[17][18] | Status[17][18] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal A | A constitutional amendment limiting property tax increases | Failed | 1,433,354 (37.54%) | 2,384,777 (62.46%) |
| Proposal B | A constitutional amendment limiting the number of times a person can be elected to public office | Passed | 2,295,904 (58.73%) | 1,613,404 (41.27%) |
| Proposal C | A constitutional amendment relating to property taxes and school funding | Failed | 1,552,119 (40.54%) | 2,276,360 (59.46%) |
| Proposal D | An initiative to uphold changes to auto insurance laws | Failed | 1,482,577 (37.41%) | 2,480,032 (62.59%) |
1993
| Proposal name | Description[18] | Status[18] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal A | A constitutional amendment increasing sales tax rates and decreasing the annual property tax increase | Failed | 1,008,425 (46.41%) | 1,164,468 (53.59%) |
1994
| Proposal name | Description[17][18] | Status[17][18] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal A (March) | A constitutional amendment increasing sales tax rates and decreasing the annual property tax increase | Passed | 1,684,541 (69.17%) | 750,952 (30.83%) |
| Proposal A (November) | A measure calling for a constitutional convention | Failed | 777,779 (27.92%) | 2,008,070 (72.08%) |
| Proposal B | A constitutional amendment limiting criminal appeals | Passed | 2,118,734 (73.55%) | 761,784 (26.45%) |
| Proposal C | A referendum to uphold a law reducing auto insurance rates | Failed | 1,165,732 (39.14%) | 1,812,526 (60.86%) |
| Proposal P | A constitutional amendment establishing an endowment fund for Michigan state parks | Passed | 2,007,097 (71.33%) | 806,888 (28.67%) |
1996
| Proposal name | Description[17][18] | Status[17][18] | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal A | A referendum upholding some changes to the Michigan Bingo Act | Failed | 1,511,063 (43.83%) | 1,936,198 (56.17%) |
| Proposal B | A constitutional amendment requiring that all judges have practiced law at least five years before becoming judges | Passed | 2,806,833 (81.68%) | 629,402 (18.32%) |
| Proposal C | A constitutional amendment establishing a trust fund for veterans | Passed | 2,447,905 (74.24%) | 849,525 (25.76%) |
| Proposal D | An initiative limiting bear hunting season and the use of bait and dogs while hunting bear | Failed | 1,379,340 (38.26%) | 2,225,675 (61.74%) |
| Proposal E | An initiative permitting Detroit to host three casinos | Passed | 1,878,542 (51.51%) | 1,768,156 (48.49%) |
| Proposal G | An initiative granting the Natural Resources Commission full authority over wildlife management | Passed | 2,413,730 (68.71%) | 1,099,262 (31.29%) |
1998
| Proposal name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal A | A constitutional amendment changing the word "handicapped" to "disabled" in the Michigan State Constitution[18] | Passed[21] | 1,708,873 (59.13%) | 1,181,138 (40.87%) |
| Proposal B | An initiative legalizing physician-assisted suicide[18] | Failed[21] | 859,381 (28.88%) | 2,116,154 (71.12%) |
| Proposal C | An initiative authorizing the state to issue bonds for the purpose of funding environmental and natural resources protection programs[18] | Passed[21] | 1,821,006 (62.73%) | 1,081,988 (37.27%) |
2000–
2000
| Proposal name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 00-1 | A constitutional amendment allowing students to use tuition vouchers at private schools and requiring teacher tests[18] | Failed[22] | 1,235,533 (30.87%) | 2,767,320 (69.13%) |
| Proposal 00-2 | A constitutional amendment requiring all laws impacting local governments receive a supermajority vote[18] | Failed[22] | 1,242,516 (32.77%) | 2,548,995 (67.23%) |
2002
| Proposal name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 02-1 (August) | A constitutional amendment modifying the pay structure for state officials[18] | Passed[23] | 1,057,503 (72.32%) | 404,682 (27.68%) |
| Proposal 02-2 (August) | A constitutional amendment allowing some state funds to be invested in parks and outdoor recreation[18] | Passed[23] | 925,475 (62.05%) | 565,971 (37.95%) |
| Proposal 02-1 (November) | A referendum to uphold legislation substantially modifying the election process[18] | Failed[24] | 1,199,236 (40.32%) | 1,775,043 (59.68%) |
| Proposal 02-2 (November) | An initiative authorizing the state to issue bonds for the purpose of funding sewage, stormwater, and water pollution projects[18] | Passed[24] | 1,774,053 (60.21%) | 1,172,612 (39.79%) |
| Proposal 02-3 | A constitutional amendment affirming state employee's right to engage in collective bargaining[18] | Failed[24] | 1,336,249 (45.64%) | 1,591,756 (54.36%) |
| Proposal 02-4 | A constitutional amendment reallocating money received from tobacco settlements[18] | Failed[24] | 1,018,644 (33.62%) | 2,011,105 (66.38%) |
2004
| Proposal name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 04-1 | A constitutional amendment requiring voter approval for new gambling forms and facilities[18] | Passed[25] | 2,689,448 (58.26%) | 1,926,721 (41.74%) |
| Proposal 04-2 | A constitutional amendment banning same-sex marriage[18] | Passed[25] | 2,698,077 (58.62%) | 1,904,319 (41.38%) |
2006
| Proposal name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 06-1 | A constitutional amendment creating a Conservation and Recreation Legacy Fund[18] | Passed[26] | 2,915,106 (81.07%) | 680,859 (18.93%) |
| Proposal 06-2 | A constitutional amendment banning affirmative action programs[18] | Passed[26] | 2,141,010 (57.92%) | 1,555,691 (42.08%) |
| Proposal 06-3 | A referendum to uphold the legalization of mourning dove hunting[18] | Failed[26] | 1,137,379 (30.97%) | 2,534,680 (69.03%) |
| Proposal 06-4 | A constitutional amendment restricting the use of eminent domain[18] | Passed[26] | 2,914,214 (80.09%) | 724,573 (19.91%) |
| Proposal 06-5 | An initiative to set mandatory school funding levels[18] | Failed[26] | 1,366,355 (37.69%) | 2,259,247 (62.31%) |
2008
| Proposal name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 08-1 | An initiative legalizing the use of medical marijuana[27] | Passed[28] | 3,006,820 (62.67%) | 1,790,889 (37.33%) |
| Proposal 08-2 | A constitutional amendment allowing stem cell research to be conducted on embryos[29] | Passed[28] | 2,521,026 (52.61%) | 2,271,083 (47.39%) |
2010
| Proposal name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 10-1 | A measure calling for a constitutional convention[30] | Failed[31] | 983,019 (33.40%) | 1,960,573 (66.60%) |
| Proposal 10-2 | A constitutional amendment banning felons who were convicted of fraud from holding public office for 20 years[32] | Passed[31] | 2,270,657 (74.91%) | 760,586 (25.09%) |
2012
| Proposal name | Description[33] | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 12-1 | A referendum to uphold a law substantially modifying the emergency manager system[33] | Failed[34] | 2,130,354 (47.33%) | 2,370,601 (52.67%) |
| Proposal 12-2 | A constitutional amendment to guarantee the right to collective bargaining[33] | Failed[34] | 1,949,513 (42.60%) | 2,626,731 (57.40%) |
| Proposal 12-3 | A constitutional amendment to mandate at least 25% of state electricity come from renewable resources[33] | Failed[34] | 1,721,279 (37.72%) | 2,842,000 (62.28%) |
| Proposal 12-4 | A constitutional amendment overhauling the home healthcare system[33] | Failed[34] | 1,985,595 (43.77%) | 2,550,420 (56.23%) |
| Proposal 12-5 | A constitutional amendment requiring that tax increases be passed by either a supermajority vote in the state legislature or by a statewide vote[33] | Failed[34] | 1,410,944 (31.24%) | 3,105,649 (68.76%) |
| Proposal 12-6 | A constitutional amendment requiring voters to approve any new bridge or tunnel to Canada[33] | Failed[34] | 1,853,127 (40.70%) | 2,699,558 (59.30%) |
2014
| Proposal name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 14-1 (August) | An initiative to exempt commercial and industrial property from the personal property tax[35] | Passed[36] | 863,459 (69.29%) | 382,770 (30.71%) |
| Proposal 14-1 (November) | A referendum to uphold the legalization of wolf hunting[37] | Failed[38] | 1,318,080 (45.07%) | 1,606,328 (54.93%) |
| Proposal 14-2 | A referendum to uphold a law allowing the Michigan Natural Resources Commission to classify game animals and hunting seasons[37] | Failed[38] | 1,051,426 (36.16%) | 1,856,603 (63.84%) |
2015
| Proposal name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 15-1 | A joint constitutional amendment and statue change to substantially modify the tax system as it relates to transportation[39] | Failed[40] | 349,862 (19.93%) | 1,406,019 (80.07%) |
2018
| Proposal name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 18-1 | An initiative to legalize marijuana possession, production, and sale[41] | Passed[42] | 2,356,422 (55.89%) | 1,859,675 (44.11%) |
| Proposal 18-2 | A constitutional amendment to create an independent redistricting commission[41] | Passed[42] | 2,522,355 (61.28%) | 1,593,556 (38.72%) |
| Proposal 18-3 | A constitutional amendment making substantial changes to state voting procedures[41] | Passed[42] | 2,777,998 (66.91%) | 1,373,636 (33.09%) |
2020
| Proposal name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 20-1 | A constitutional amendment making changes to the way park-related revenue can be spent[43] | Passed[44] | 4,154,745 (84.29%) | 774,509 (15.71%) |
| Proposal 20-2 | A constitutional amendment requiring the police to obtain a search warrant before accessing a person's electronic data[45] | Passed[44] | 4,472,671 (88.75%) | 567,130 (11.25%) |
2022
| Proposal name | Description | Status | Yes votes | No votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 22-1 | Legislative Term Limits and Financial Disclosure Amendment | Passed | 2,834,141 (66.5%) | 1,429,825 (33.5%) |
| Proposal 22-2 | Right to Voting Policies Amendment | Passed | 2,579,340 (60%) | 1,721,550 (40%) |
| Proposal 22-3 | Right to Reproductive Freedom Initiative | Passed | 2,477,707 (56.7%) | 1,895,577 (43.3%) |
See also
Notes
- ^ The proposal needed a majority of all votes (468,637) cast in the election to pass
- ^ The proposal needed a majority of all votes (421,164) cast in the election to pass
- ^ The proposal needed a majority of all votes (524,721) cast in the election to pass
- ^ a b The proposal needed a majority of all votes cast in the election to pass
References
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx Fairlie, John A. (1912). "The Referendum and Initiative in Michigan". The Initiative, Referendum and Recall. American Academy of Political and Social Science. pp. 155–158. Retrieved March 11, 2016.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb James K. Pollock (1940). The initiative and referendum in Michigan. University of Michigan Press. pp. 78–86. Retrieved March 13, 2016.
- ^ a b c d "Michigan official directory and legislative manual for the years 1941-1942". Michigan Secretary of State. 1942. pp. 630–631. Retrieved March 13, 2016.
- ^ a b c d "Michigan manual 1943-44". Michigan Secretary of State. 1944. Retrieved March 13, 2016.
- ^ Michigan Department of State (November 7, 1944). "Michigan ballot proposals — Michigan Constitutional Law". Library of Michigan. Retrieved March 13, 2016.
- ^ a b c "Michigan Manual 1945-46". Red Book. Michigan Secretary of State. 1946. Retrieved March 13, 2016.
- ^ a b "Michigan Manual 1947-48". Red Book. Michigan Secretary of State: 321–323. 1948. Retrieved March 13, 2016.
- ^ Initiative & Referendum Institute at the University of Southern California. "Statewide Initiatives" (PDF). iandrinstitute.org. Archived from the original (PDF) on August 30, 2015. Retrieved March 10, 2016.
- ^ a b Michigan Secretary of State (1949). "Michigan Manual 1949". Red Book: 301–307. Retrieved March 13, 2016.
- ^ a b c d "Michigan Manual 1951-52". Red Book. Michigan Secretary of State. 1952. Retrieved March 13, 2016.
- ^ a b "Michigan Manual 1953-54". Red Book. Michigan Secretary of State: 460–462. 1954. Retrieved March 13, 2016.
- ^ a b c d "Michigan Manual 1955-56". Michigan Secretary of State. 1956. Retrieved March 13, 2016.
- ^ a b "Michigan Manual 1957-58". Red Book. Michigan Secretary of State: 426. 1958. Retrieved March 13, 2016.
- ^ a b c d "Michigan manual. 1959/1960". Michigan Secretary of State. 1960. Retrieved March 13, 2016.
- ^ a b c d Michigan Secretary of State (1962). "Michigan manual. 1961/1962". Red Book. Retrieved March 13, 2016.
- ^ a b c d Michigan Secretary of State (1964). "Michigan manual. 1963/1964". Red Book. Retrieved March 13, 2016.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag "Michigan Manual 2009-2010" (PDF). legislature.mi.gov. Retrieved March 9, 2016.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs ct "Initiatives and Referendums under the Constitution of the State of Michigan of 1963" (PDF). michigan.gov. Michigan Secretary of State. December 5, 2008. Retrieved March 10, 2016.
- ^ a b c Michigan State Chamber of Commerce (July 26, 1968). "Michigan ballot proposals — Michigan Constitutional Law". Library of Michigan. Retrieved March 13, 2016.
- ^ a b c d e f g h "Michigan ballot proposals — Michigan Constitutional Law". Library of Michigan. 1972. Retrieved March 13, 2016.
- ^ a b c "1998 Michigan Election Results". Michigan Secretary of State. 2016-09-28. Retrieved 2022-11-04.
- ^ a b "2000 Michigan Election Results". Michigan Secretary of State. 2016-09-28. Retrieved 2022-11-04.
- ^ a b "2022 Michigan Election Results". Michigan Secretary of State. 2016-09-28. Retrieved 2022-11-04.
- ^ a b c d "2002 Michigan Election Results - General". Michigan Secretary of State. 2016-09-28. Retrieved 2022-11-04.
- ^ a b "2004 Michigan Election Results". Michigan Secretary of State. 2016-09-28. Retrieved 2022-11-04.
- ^ a b c d e "2006 Michigan Election Results". Michigan Secretary of State. 2016-09-28. Retrieved 2022-11-04.
- ^ Wagoner, George; Michael, Daniel; Schuette, Bill (2008-10-19). "Marijuana as a medical aid?". Lansing State Journal. Lansing, Michigan. p. 11. Retrieved 2022-11-04 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ a b "2008 Michigan Election Results". Michigan Secretary of State. 2016-09-28. Retrieved 2022-11-04.
- ^ Lessenberry, Jack (2008-10-28). "Stem-cell research key Michigan issue". The Windsor Star. Windsor, Ontario, Canada. p. 6. Retrieved 2022-11-04 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ Byrum, Dianne (2010-09-26). "No: Convention would put end to our progress". Lansing State Journal. Lansing, Michigan. p. 11. Retrieved 2022-11-04 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ a b "2010 Michigan Election Results". Michigan Secretary of State. 2016-09-28. Retrieved 2022-11-04.
- ^ Schaeffer, Jim (2010-10-24). "Prop. 2 aims at corruption". Detroit Free Press. Detroit, Michigan. p. 10. Retrieved 2022-11-04 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ a b c d e f g "All Six Michigan Ballot Proposals Go Down In Defeat". CBS Detroit. 2012-11-07. Retrieved 2022-11-04.
- ^ a b c d e f "2012 Michigan Election Results". Michigan Secretary of State. 2016-09-28. Retrieved 2022-11-04.
- ^ Klug, Fritz (2014-07-28). "Proposal 1: Everything you need to know about August 2014 ballot issue". MLive. Retrieved 2022-11-03.
- ^ "2014 Michigan Election Results - Primary". Michigan Secretary of State. 2016-09-28. Retrieved 2022-11-03.
- ^ a b "Mich. voters can make statement on wolf hunts". The Blade. Associated Press. 2014-10-09. Retrieved 2022-11-03.
- ^ a b "2014 Michigan Election Results". Michigan Secretary of State. 2016-09-28. Retrieved 2022-11-03.
- ^ "Michigan's May Tax Proposal". Mackinac Center for Public Policy. Retrieved 2022-11-03.
- ^ "2015 Michigan Election Results". Michigan Secretary of State. 2016-09-28. Retrieved 2022-11-03.
- ^ a b c VanHulle, Lindsay (2018-09-12). "Bridge Magazine guide to the 2018 Michigan ballot proposals". Bridge Michigan. Retrieved 2022-11-03.
- ^ a b c "2018 Michigan Election Results". Michigan Secretary of State. 2018-11-06. Retrieved 2022-11-03.
- ^ "Proposal 20-1" (PDF). Michigan Bureau of Elections. Retrieved 2022-11-03.
- ^ a b "2020 Michigan Election Results". The Office of Secretary of State Jocelyn Benson. 2020-11-23. Retrieved 2022-11-03.
- ^ "Proposal 20-2" (PDF). Michigan Bureau of Elections. Retrieved 2022-11-03.
- ^ 2022 Election Results Live - Michigan Ballot Initiatives NPR
