The Navacerrada Pass (Spanish: Puerto de Navacerrada [ˈpweɾto ðe naβaθeˈraða]) is a mountain pass in the Guadarrama Mountains, in the centre of the Iberian Peninsula.
In 1788, it replaced the Fuenfría Pass as mountain pass in the route crossing the Sierra de Guadarrama connecting the Spanish cities of Madrid and Segovia.[1] The saddle point lies at 1,858 metres over sea level.[1] It is located in the border between the province of Segovia and the Community of Madrid. The route consists of the M-601 road in the Madrilenian side and the CL-601 in the segovian side. As of 2019, several of the Alpine buildings erected in the surroundings are derelict.[2]
Climate
The climate type of Navacerrada Pass is warm-summer Mediterranean climate (Köppen: Csb), close to mediterranean-influenced warm-summer humid continental climate (Köppen: Dsb), depending on the average temperature in January.
| Climate data for Puerto de Navacerrada (1991–2020 normals) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 2.9 (37.2) |
3.3 (37.9) |
6.1 (43.0) |
8.2 (46.8) |
12.9 (55.2) |
18.9 (66.0) |
23.2 (73.8) |
23.1 (73.6) |
17.6 (63.7) |
11.4 (52.5) |
5.7 (42.3) |
4.0 (39.2) |
11.4 (52.5) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 0.0 (32.0) |
0.2 (32.4) |
2.5 (36.5) |
4.2 (39.6) |
8.4 (47.1) |
13.7 (56.7) |
17.5 (63.5) |
17.5 (63.5) |
12.9 (55.2) |
7.9 (46.2) |
2.8 (37.0) |
1.1 (34.0) |
7.4 (45.3) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −2.9 (26.8) |
−2.9 (26.8) |
−1.1 (30.0) |
0.3 (32.5) |
3.9 (39.0) |
8.6 (47.5) |
11.7 (53.1) |
11.8 (53.2) |
8.2 (46.8) |
4.3 (39.7) |
0.0 (32.0) |
−1.7 (28.9) |
3.4 (38.1) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 143.0 (5.63) |
118.6 (4.67) |
118.2 (4.65) |
127.5 (5.02) |
119.8 (4.72) |
51.2 (2.02) |
18.1 (0.71) |
30.7 (1.21) |
61.1 (2.41) |
169.6 (6.68) |
173.9 (6.85) |
149.9 (5.90) |
1,281.6 (50.46) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 11.9 | 10.5 | 10.7 | 12.1 | 11.6 | 6.1 | 2.8 | 3.3 | 6.7 | 11.7 | 13.3 | 12.1 | 112.8 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 80.0 | 79.3 | 75.0 | 75.7 | 69.6 | 56.8 | 45.4 | 46.7 | 61.4 | 77.5 | 84.1 | 79.4 | 69.2 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 105.3 | 117.5 | 160.7 | 176.3 | 230.7 | 295.0 | 353.7 | 327.2 | 218.8 | 152.9 | 97.1 | 99.8 | 2,335 |
| Source: NOAA/NCEI[3] | |||||||||||||
| Climate data for Puerto de Navacerrada (altitude 1893m, 1981–2010 normals, extremes 1946–present) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 18.3 (64.9) |
16.8 (62.2) |
18.9 (66.0) |
22.6 (72.7) |
25.4 (77.7) |
32.0 (89.6) |
33.4 (92.1) |
31.8 (89.2) |
30.8 (87.4) |
23.9 (75.0) |
20.4 (68.7) |
17.0 (62.6) |
33.4 (92.1) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 2.3 (36.1) |
3.0 (37.4) |
5.8 (42.4) |
7.0 (44.6) |
11.5 (52.7) |
18.0 (64.4) |
22.4 (72.3) |
22.2 (72.0) |
17.2 (63.0) |
10.6 (51.1) |
5.6 (42.1) |
3.3 (37.9) |
10.7 (51.3) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −0.4 (31.3) |
0.1 (32.2) |
2.3 (36.1) |
3.4 (38.1) |
7.4 (45.3) |
13.2 (55.8) |
17.0 (62.6) |
16.8 (62.2) |
12.7 (54.9) |
7.3 (45.1) |
2.8 (37.0) |
0.7 (33.3) |
6.9 (44.4) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −3.2 (26.2) |
−2.9 (26.8) |
−1.1 (30.0) |
−0.3 (31.5) |
3.2 (37.8) |
8.3 (46.9) |
11.5 (52.7) |
11.5 (52.7) |
8.2 (46.8) |
3.9 (39.0) |
0.1 (32.2) |
−2.0 (28.4) |
3.1 (37.6) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −18.2 (−0.8) |
−18.6 (−1.5) |
−14.7 (5.5) |
−11.0 (12.2) |
−8.0 (17.6) |
−3.4 (25.9) |
0.0 (32.0) |
0.2 (32.4) |
−3.0 (26.6) |
−7.6 (18.3) |
−11.8 (10.8) |
−20.3 (−4.5) |
−20.3 (−4.5) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 124 (4.9) |
96 (3.8) |
84 (3.3) |
127 (5.0) |
124 (4.9) |
64 (2.5) |
23 (0.9) |
26 (1.0) |
60 (2.4) |
156 (6.1) |
176 (6.9) |
163 (6.4) |
1,223 (48.1) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 11.5 | 9.9 | 9.2 | 12.2 | 12.4 | 6.6 | 3.2 | 3.5 | 6.5 | 11.5 | 12.2 | 12.6 | 111.3 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 80 | 79 | 74 | 77 | 72 | 59 | 47 | 49 | 63 | 79 | 83 | 81 | 70 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 109 | 114 | 162 | 166 | 215 | 289 | 348 | 321 | 211 | 146 | 103 | 92 | 2,268 |
| Source: Agencia Estatal de Meteorología[4][5] | |||||||||||||
See also
References
- ^ a b c Muñoz Jiménez, Julio (2016). "Los efectos de las modificaciones recientes del clima sobre los ventisqueros de la sierra de Guadarrama históricamente explitados para el abastecimiento de nieve a Madrid: el caso del ventisquero del Ratón (Cuerda Larga, Manzanares el Real)". Libro jubilar en Homenaje al Profesor Antonio Gil Olcina. Sant Vicent del Raspeig: Universidad de Alicante. p. 66. ISBN 978-84-16724-09-3.
- ^ Delgado, Adrián (21 July 2019). "Navacerrada, puerto fantasma". ABC.
- ^ "Nacacerrada Puerto Climate Normals 1991-2020". NOAA. Archived from the original on 2024-04-04.
- ^ "Valores climatológicos normales. Puerto de Navacerrada" (in Spanish). Agencia Estatal de Meteorología. Archived from the original on 2024-04-04.
- ^ "Valores extremos. Puerto de Navacerrada" (in Spanish). Agencia Estatal de Meteorología. Archived from the original on 2024-04-04.