Thelypteris palustris, the marsh fern,[3] or eastern marsh fern,[4] is a species of fern native to eastern North America and across Eurasia. It prefers to grow in swamps, bogs, wet fields or thickets, fresh tidal and nontidal marshes, or wooded streambanks. The species epithet palustris is Latin for "of the marsh" and indicates its common habitat.[5] It is the only known host plant for Fagitana littera, the marsh fern moth.[6]
Description
Fronds of T.palustris are erect to ascending with an elliptic to lanceolate form. They are 1-2.5 ft long and 4-7 inches across and have 10-40 pairs of leaflets. Its leaves are pinnately lobed, with the middle pinna being the widest. The leaves are more than 6 inches long, and the 3-6 inches wide. Sori are present on the undersides of the smaller fertile leaves.[7]
The stem is tan to purplish and hairless.
Uses
T.palustris has been studied for potential uses in phytoremediation. T.palustris has been shown to significantly reduce the amount of Zn2+ and Cu2+, which are the main outputs of heavy metal from intensive livestock production, ex situ.[8] There have been mixed results for whether T.palustris would be a good candidate for remediation of arsenic soil contamination.[9][10]
Subtaxa
The following subspecies are accepted:[2]
- Thelypteris palustris subsp. palustris
- Thelypteris palustris subsp. pubescens (G.Lawson) Fraser-Jenk.
References
- ^ "NatureServe Explorer 2.0 - Thelypteris palustris Eastern Marsh Fern". explorer.natureserve.org. Retrieved 9 October 2020.
- ^ a b "Thelypteris palustris Schott". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 16 April 2022.
- ^ BSBI List 2007 (xls). Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland. Archived from the original (xls) on 2015-06-26. Retrieved 2014-10-17.
- ^ USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "Thelypteris palustris". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved 9 December 2015.
- ^ Archibald William Smith A Gardener's Handbook of Plant Names: Their Meanings and Origins , p. 258, at Google Books
- ^ Pocketguide to Eastern Wetlands By T. Travis, Shanda Brown p.57, 2014
- ^ "Thelypteris palustris var. pubescens (Eastern Marsh Fern, Marsh Fern) | North Carolina Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox". plants.ces.ncsu.edu. Retrieved 2023-06-23.
- ^ Stroppa, Nadia; Onelli, Elisabetta; Hejna, Monika; Rossi, Luciana; Gagliardi, Assunta; Bini, Luca; Baldi, Antonella; Moscatelli, Alessandra (2020-02-01). "Typha latifolia and Thelypteris palustris behavior in a pilot system for the refinement of livestock wastewaters: A case of study". Chemosphere. 240: 124915. Bibcode:2020Chmsp.240l4915S. doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124915. hdl:2434/678818. ISSN 0045-6535. PMID 31563105. S2CID 203592539.
- ^ Anderson, LaShunda L.; Walsh, Maud; Roy, Amitava; Bianchetti, Christopher M.; Merchan, Gregory (February 2011). "The potential of Thelypteris palustris and Asparagus sprengeri in phytoremediation of arsenic contamination". International Journal of Phytoremediation. 13 (2): 177–184. doi:10.1080/15226511003671346. ISSN 1522-6514. PMID 21598785. S2CID 25576688.
- ^ Anderson, LaShunda; Walsh, Maud M. (2007-07-01). "Arsenic uptake by common marsh fern Thelypteris palustris and its potential for phytoremediation". Science of the Total Environment. Arsenic in the Environment: Biology and Chemistry. 379 (2): 263–265. Bibcode:2007ScTEn.379..263A. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2006.09.032. ISSN 0048-9697. PMID 17113631.