Lydia Sayer Hasbrouck (December 20, 1827 – August 24, 1910) was an American hydrotherapist, an advocate for women's dress reform, and the founder and editor of The Sibyl, a periodical devoted to that attire reform topic.[1] Elected to the Middletown, New York, Board of Education in 1880, she was one of the first women to hold elected office in the United States.
Early life and education
Born Lydia Sayer near the hamlet of Bellvale, New York, she was the daughter of Rebecca (Forshee) Sayer and Benjamin Sayer, a farmer and distiller.[2][3][4]
In 1849, she adopted the then-radical style of clothing known as the bloomer or reform dress — an adaptation of Turkish pantaloons with a knee-length overskirt.[2][3][4] When she applied to the Seward Seminary in Florida, she was told that she could not be admitted unless she stopped wearing the reform dress.[3] She refused and had to finish her education elsewhere.[2][4] She later recounted that this experience "anchored me in the ranks of women's rights advocates",[3] and she resolved to fight for women's "physical, political, and educational freedom and equality".[2] She wore the reform dress throughout her life, including at her wedding.[2][5]
She continued her education at Elmira Academy and then studied hydropathy at the Hygeio-Therapeutic College in New York City from which she was graduated.[2][6] Because of their interest in alternative paths to health, hydropaths were among the most active champions of dress reform in the United States.[3] Lydia then moved to Washington, D.C. where she practiced hydropathy and became a newspaper correspondent, writing for the Washington Star among other periodicals.[2][5]
The Sibyl
In 1856, John Whitbeck Hasbrouck (1826–1906), founder and editor of the reformist Middletown Whig Press in New York's Hudson Valley, invited her to take part in a lecture tour about dress reform.[2][4] They married a few months later and settled in Middletown, where they built an unusual octagonal house inspired by the ideas of phrenologist Orson Squire Fowler.[2][3] Lydia and John had three children, Daisy (who died as a child), Sayer, and Burt.
That same year, Hasbrouck founded her own periodical, The Sibyl, with John as its publisher.[2] Subtitled "A Review of the Tastes, Errors and Fashions of Society",[7] The Sibyl advocated for women's dress reform because Hasbrouck believed that women would not be able to compete on equal terms with men so long as they were hampered by the cumbersome and impractical clothing of the day.[2] It served as the organ of the National Dress Reform Association,[7] of which Hasbrouck was a member and later, (1863–65), was the president.[2] Its contributors included suffragist Lucy Stone.[7] Among other things, it published the names of almost a thousand women nationwide who had adopted the reform dress.[8]
The Sibyl also advocated more generally for women's rights, universal suffrage, and the immediate abolition of slavery.[5] Hasbrouck also argued in The Sibyl that women should not pay taxes so long as they were treated as inferior citizens, and she refused to pay taxes for a number of years.[4][5] In 1863, she was made to work on a highway repair project in lieu of paying a road tax.[4][5]
The Sibyl began as a biweekly and became a monthly in 1861. However, as the reform dress attracted criticism and mockery from those threatened by the prospect of women in 'men's' clothes, leaders of the women's rights movement distanced themselves from the dress reform movement.[3] This shift, together with the advent of the Civil War, lost the paper its support, and it closed in 1864.[9]
Other activities
After The Sibyl went defunct, Hasbrouck worked as an editor for John's paper until it closed in 1868.[4] Both Lydia and John then worked for a time on a reform-oriented periodical called the Liberal Sentinel.[4]
In 1880, after New York passed a law allowing women to hold school-related offices, Hasbrouck was elected to the Middletown Board of Education.[4] She is thought to be the first American woman to hold an elected office of any kind.[4]
By the mid-1880s, she had moved into real estate and was partly responsible for developing a block of downtown Middletown.[4]
She died of paresis at the age of 83.[4]
Legacy
Hasbrouck Street in Middletown was named after Lydia and John in the 1860s because it ran through their property.[10] Their octagonal house, the only one ever built in Middletown, was demolished in 1919 in order to build Memorial School.[10]
References
- ^ Endres; Kathleen L; Lueck, Therese L. (1996). Women's Periodicals in the United States: Social and Political Issues. Greenwood Press. p. 346. ISBN 0-313-28632-9
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l "Dress Reformer - Lydia Sayer". Women of the Hudson Valley. Retrieved January 14, 2018.
- ^ a b c d e f g Kesselman, Amy. "Lydia Sayer Hasbrouck and 'The Sibyl': Bloomers, Feminism and the Laws of Life". Orange County Historical Society Journal 14:1 (November 1, 1985).
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l "Hasbrouck, Lydia Sayer (1827–1910)". Encyclopedia.com. Retrieved January 14, 2018.
- ^ a b c d e Endres, Kathleen L., and Therese L. Lueck, eds. Women's Periodicals in the United States: Social and Political Issues. Greenwood Press, 1996, pp. 347–51.
- ^ Ruttenber, Edward Manning; Clark, L. H. (1881). History of Orange County, New York. Philadelphia: Everts & Peck. p. 197
- ^ a b c "The Original 'Bloomer Girls'". Nineteenth Century Dress Reform in Pictures. Retrieved January 15, 2018.
- ^ The Sibyl, July 15, 1859, pp. 588–89.
- ^ James, Edward T., ed. Notable American Women, 1607–1950. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press, 1971.
- ^ a b "Another Hasbrouck Family Octagon House". Hasbrouck Family Association Journal, June 2012, p. 8.
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