Contents
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(Top)
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1Overview
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2District 1
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3District 2
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4District 3
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5District 4
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6District 5
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7District 6
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8District 7
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9District 8
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10District 9
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11District 10
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12District 11
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13District 12
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14District 13
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15District 14
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16District 15
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17District 16
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18District 17
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19District 18
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20District 19
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21District 20
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22District 21
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23District 22
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24District 23
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25District 24
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26District 25
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27District 26
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28District 27
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29District 28
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30District 29
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31District 30
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32References
Elections in Texas |
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Government |
The 1996 United States House of Representatives elections in Texas occurred on November 5, 1996, to elect the members of the state of Texas's delegation to the United States House of Representatives. Texas had thirty seats in the House, apportioned according to the 1990 United States census.
Texas underwent mid-decade redistricting as a result of the Supreme Court case Bush v. Vera. The court had ruled that districts such as District 18 and District 30 were racially gerrymandered.[1] A prior district court decision had voided the results of the primary elections in 13 districts, which the Supreme Court upheld. These districts instead conducted special elections concurrent with the general elections.[2][3]
These elections occurred simultaneously with the United States Senate elections of 1996, the United States House elections in other states, and various state and local elections.
Texas Democrats maintained their majority in Texas' congressional delegation, albeit reduced by two seats from 1994. These elections produced an unusually high level of turnover due to the retirements of several representatives.[3]
Overview
United States House of Representatives elections in Texas, 1996[4][5][6] | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Party | Votes | Percentage | Seats before | Seats after | +/– | |
Republican | 2,604,389 | 52.91% | 11 | 13 | +2 | |
Democratic | 2,206,346 | 44.82% | 19 | 17 | -2 | |
Independent | 43,570 | 0.89% | 0 | 0 | - | |
Libertarian | 30,019 | 0.61% | 0 | 0 | - | |
Natural Law | 29,993 | 0.61% | 0 | 0 | - | |
Constitution | 7,887 | 0.02% | 0 | 0 | - | |
Totals | 4,922,204 | 100.00% | 30 | 30 | — |
District 1
Incumbent Democrat Jim Chapman opted to retire rather than run for re-election.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | Max Sandlin | 102,697 | 51.56 | |
Republican | Ed Merritt | 93,105 | 46.75 | |
Natural Law | Margaret Palms | 3,368 | 1.69 | |
Total votes | 199,170 | 100 | ||
Democratic hold |
District 2
Incumbent Democrat Charlie Wilson opted to retire rather than run for re-election.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | Jim Turner | 102,908 | 52.25 | |
Republican | Brian Babin | 89,838 | 45.61 | |
Independent | Henry McCullough | 2,390 | 1.21 | |
Libertarian | David Constant | 1,240 | 0.63 | |
Natural Law | Gary Hardy | 595 | 0.30 | |
Total votes | 196,971 | 100 | ||
Democratic hold |
District 3
Incumbent Republican Sam Johnson ran for re-election. The 3rd district was among thirteen districts holding a special election on November 5, the same day as the general election. The race pitted all certified candidates against one another in each district, regardless of party.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | Sam Johnson (incumbent) | 142,325 | 72.98 | |
Democratic | Lee Cole | 47,654 | 24.43 | |
Libertarian | John Davis | 5,045 | 2.59 | |
Write-in | Others | 2 | 0.00 | |
Total votes | 195,026 | 100 | ||
Republican hold |
District 4
Incumbent Democrat Ralph Hall ran for re-election.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | Ralph M. Hall | 132,126 | 63.77 | |
Republican | Jerry Ray Hall | 71,065 | 34.30 | |
Libertarian | Steven Rothacker | 3,172 | 1.53 | |
Natural Law | Enos Denham | 814 | 0.39 | |
Total votes | 207,177 | 100 | ||
Democratic hold |
District 5
Incumbent Democrat John Wiley Bryant retired to run for U.S. Senator.[7] The 5th district was among thirteen districts holding a special election on November 5, the same day as the general election. The race pitted all certified candidates against one another in each district, regardless of party.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | Pete Sessions | 80,196 | 53.07 | |
Democratic | John Pouland | 70,922 | 46.93 | |
Write-in | Jesus Christ | 1 | 0.00 | |
Total votes | 151,119 | 100.00 | ||
Republican gain from Democratic |
District 6
Incumbent Republican Joe Barton ran for re-election. The 6th district was among thirteen districts holding a special election on November 5, the same day as the general election. The race pitted all certified candidates against one another in each district, regardless of party.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | Joe Barton (incumbent) | 160,800 | 77.12 | |
Independent | Skeet Richardson | 26,713 | 12.81 | |
Libertarian | Catherine Anderson | 14,456 | 6.93 | |
Constitution | Doug Williams | 6,547 | 3.14 | |
Total votes | 208,516 | 100 | ||
Republican hold |
District 7
Incumbent Republican Bill Archer ran for re-election. The 7th district was among thirteen districts holding a special election on November 5, the same day as the general election. The race pitted all certified candidates against one another in each district, regardless of party.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | Bill Archer (incumbent) | 152,024 | 81.37 | |
Democratic | Al J.K. Siegmund | 28,187 | 15.09 | |
Independent | Gene Hsiao | 3,896 | 2.09 | |
Independent | Randy Sims | 2,724 | 1.46 | |
Total votes | 186,831 | 100 | ||
Republican hold |
District 8
Incumbent Republican Jack Fields opted to retire rather than run for re-election.[8] The 8th district was among thirteen districts holding a special election on November 5, the same day as the general election. The race pitted all certified candidates against one another in each district, regardless of party.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | Kevin Brady | 80,325 | 41.48 | |
Republican | Gene Fontenot | 75,399 | 38.93 | |
Democratic | CJ Newman | 26,246 | 13.55 | |
Democratic | Robert Musemeche | 11,689 | 6.04 | |
Total votes | 193,659 | 100 |
No candidate received a majority of the vote, so a runoff was held on December 10.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | Kevin Brady | 30,366 | 59.11 | |
Republican | Gene Fontenot | 21,004 | 40.89 | |
Total votes | 51,370 | 100 | ||
Republican hold |
District 9
Incumbent Republican Steve Stockman ran for re-election. The 9th district was among thirteen districts holding a special election on November 5, the same day as the general election. The race pitted all certified candidates against one another in each district, regardless of party.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | Steve Stockman (incumbent) | 88,171 | 46.44 | |
Democratic | Nick Lampson | 83,782 | 44.13 | |
Democratic | Geraldine Sam | 17,887 | 9.42 | |
Total votes | 189,840 | 100 |
No candidate received a majority of the vote, so a runoff was held on December 10. Stockman lost reelection by 5.66% to Democratic challenger Nick Lampson.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | Nick Lampson | 59,225 | 52.83 | |
Republican | Steve Stockman (incumbent) | 52,870 | 47.17 | |
Total votes | 112,095 | 100.00 | ||
Democratic gain from Republican |
District 10
Incumbent Democrat Lloyd Doggett ran for re-election. He won against Republican candidate Teresa Doggett, to whom he has no relation.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | Lloyd Doggett (incumbent) | 132,066 | 56.20 | |
Republican | Teresa Doggett | 97,204 | 41.36 | |
Libertarian | Gary Johnson | 3,950 | 1.68 | |
Natural Law | Steve Klayman | 1,771 | 0.75 | |
Total votes | 234,991 | 100 | ||
Democratic hold |
District 11
Incumbent Democrat Chet Edwards ran for re-election.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | Chet Edwards (incumbent) | 99,990 | 56.83 | |
Republican | Jay Mathis | 74,549 | 42.37 | |
Natural Law | Ken Hardin | 1,396 | 0.79 | |
Total votes | 175,935 | 100 | ||
Democratic hold |
District 12
Incumbent Democrat Pete Geren opted to retire rather than run for re-election.[9]
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | Kay Granger | 98,349 | 57.78 | |
Democratic | Hugh Parmer | 69,859 | 41.04 | |
Natural Law | Heather Proffer | 1,996 | 1.17 | |
Total votes | 170,204 | 100.00 | ||
Republican gain from Democratic |
District 13
Incumbent Republican Mac Thornberry ran for re-election.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | Mac Thornberry (incumbent) | 116,098 | 66.87 | |
Democratic | Samuel Brown Silverman | 56,066 | 32.29 | |
Natural Law | Don Harkey | 1,463 | 0.84 | |
Total votes | 173,627 | 100 | ||
Republican hold |
District 14
Incumbent Democrat Greg Laughlin switched his party affiliation to the Republican Party on June 26, 1995.[10] He was defeated in the Republican Primary by former U.S. Representative Ron Paul.[11]
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | Ron Paul | 99,961 | 51.08 | |
Democratic | Lefty Morris | 93,200 | 47.62 | |
Natural Law | Ed Fasanella | 2,538 | 1.30 | |
Total votes | 195,699 | 100 | ||
Republican hold |
District 15
Incumbent Democrat Kika de la Garza opted to retire rather than run for re-election.[12]
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | Ruben Hinojosa | 86,347 | 62.30 | |
Republican | Tom Haughey | 50,914 | 36.74 | |
Natural Law | Rob Wofford | 1,333 | 0.96 | |
Total votes | 138,594 | 100 | ||
Democratic hold |
District 16
Incumbent Democrat Ronald D. Coleman opted to retire rather than run for re-election.[13]
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | Silvestre Reyes | 90,260 | 70.63 | |
Republican | Rick Ledesma | 35,271 | 27.60 | |
Natural Law | Carl Proffer | 2,253 | 1.76 | |
Total votes | 127,784 | 100 | ||
Democratic hold |
District 17
Incumbent Democrat Charles Stenholm ran for re-election.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | Charles Stenholm | 99,678 | 51.65 | |
Republican | Rudy Izzard | 91,429 | 47.37 | |
Natural Law | Richard Caro | 1,887 | 0.98 | |
Total votes | 192,994 | 100 | ||
Democratic hold |
District 18
Incumbent Democrat Sheila Jackson Lee ran for re-election. The 18th district was among thirteen districts holding a special election on November 5, the same day as the general election. The race pitted all certified candidates against one another in each district, regardless of party.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | Sheila Jackson Lee (incumbent) | 106,111 | 77.07 | |
Republican | Larry White | 13,956 | 10.14 | |
Republican | Jerry Burley | 7,877 | 5.72 | |
Republican | George Young | 5,332 | 3.87 | |
Democratic | Mike Lamson | 4,412 | 3.20 | |
Total votes | 137,688 | 100 | ||
Democratic hold |
District 19
Incumbent Republican Larry Combest ran for re-election.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | Larry Combest (incumbent) | 156,910 | 80.37 | |
Democratic | John Sawyer | 38,316 | 19.63 | |
Total votes | 195,226 | 100 | ||
Republican hold |
District 20
Incumbent Democrat Henry B. González ran for re-election.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | Henry B. Gonzalez (incumbent) | 88,190 | 63.72 | |
Republican | James Walker | 47,616 | 34.40 | |
Libertarian | Alex De Pena | 2,156 | 1.56 | |
Natural Law | Lyndon Felps | 447 | 0.32 | |
Total votes | 138,409 | 100 | ||
Democratic hold |
District 21
Incumbent Republican Lamar Smith ran for re-election.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | Lamar Smith (incumbent) | 205,830 | 76.43 | |
Democratic | Gordon Wharton | 60,338 | 22.40 | |
Natural Law | Randy Rutenbeck | 3,139 | 1.17 | |
Total votes | 269,307 | 100 | ||
Republican hold |
District 22
Incumbent Republican Tom DeLay ran for re-election. The 22nd district was among thirteen districts holding a special election on November 5, the same day as the general election. The race pitted all certified candidates against one another in each district, regardless of party.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | Tom DeLay (incumbent) | 126,056 | 68.11 | |
Democratic | Scott Douglas Cunningham | 59,030 | 31.89 | |
Total votes | 185,086 | 100 | ||
Republican hold |
District 23
Incumbent Republican Henry Bonilla ran for re-election.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | Henry Bonilla (incumbent) | 101,332 | 61.85 | |
Democratic | Charles Jones | 59,596 | 36.37 | |
Natural Law | Linda Caswell | 2,911 | 1.78 | |
Total votes | 163,839 | 100 | ||
Republican hold |
District 24
Incumbent Democrat Martin Frost ran for re-election. The 24th district was among thirteen districts holding a special election on November 5, the same day as the general election. The race pitted all certified candidates against one another in each district, regardless of party.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | Martin Frost | 77,847 | 55.75 | |
Write-in | Martin Frost | 8 | 0.01 | |
Total | Martin Frost (incumbent) | 77,855 | 55.76 | |
Republican | Ed Harrison | 54,551 | 39.07 | |
Democratic | Marion Jacob | 4,656 | 3.33 | |
Independent | Dale Mouton | 2,574 | 1.84 | |
Write-in | Fred Hank | 1 | 0.00 | |
Total votes | 139,637 | 100 | ||
Democratic hold |
District 25
Incumbent Democrat Ken Bentsen ran for re-election. The 25th district was among thirteen districts holding a special election on November 5, the same day as the general election. The race pitted all certified candidates against one another in each district, regardless of party.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | Ken Bentsen (incumbent) | 43,701 | 34.04 | |
Republican | Dolly Madison McKenna | 21,898 | 17.06 | |
Democratic | Beverley Clark | 21,699 | 16.90 | |
Republican | Brent Perry | 16,737 | 13.04 | |
Republican | John Devine | 9,070 | 7.06 | |
Republican | John Sanchez | 8,984 | 7.00 | |
Republican | Ken Mathis | 3,649 | 2.84 | |
Republican | RC Meinke | 997 | 0.78 | |
Republican | Lloyd Oliver | 827 | 0.64 | |
Republican | Dotty Quinn Collins | 561 | 0.44 | |
Socialist Workers | Jerry Freiwirth | 270 | 0.21 | |
Total votes | 128,393 | 100 |
No candidate received a majority of the vote, so a runoff was held on December 10.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | Ken Bentsen (incumbent) | 29,396 | 57.32 | |
Republican | Dolly Madison McKenna | 21,892 | 42.68 | |
Total votes | 51,288 | 100 | ||
Democratic hold |
District 26
Incumbent Republican Dick Armey ran for re-election. The 26th district was among thirteen districts holding a special election on November 5, the same day as the general election. The race pitted all certified candidates against one another in each district, regardless of party.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | Dick Armey (incumbent) | 163,708 | 73.63 | |
Democratic | Jerry Frankel | 58,623 | 26.37 | |
Write-in | Others | 11 | 0.00 | |
Total votes | 222,342 | 100 | ||
Republican hold |
District 27
Incumbent Democrat Solomon Ortiz ran for re-election.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | Solomon Ortiz (incumbent) | 97,350 | 64.64 | |
Republican | Joe Gardner | 50,964 | 33.84 | |
Natural Law | Kevin Richardson | 2,286 | 1.52 | |
Total votes | 150,600 | 100 | ||
Democratic hold |
District 28
Incumbent Democrat Frank Tejeda ran for re-election.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | Frank Tejeda (incumbent) | 110,148 | 75.37 | |
Republican | Mark Cude | 34,191 | 23.40 | |
Natural Law | Clifford Finley | 1,796 | 1.23 | |
Total votes | 150,600 | 100 | ||
Democratic hold |
District 29
Incumbent Democrat Gene Green ran for re-election. The 29th district was among thirteen districts holding a special election on November 5, the same day as the general election. The race pitted all certified candidates against one another in each district, regardless of party.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | Gene Green (incumbent) | 61,751 | 67.51 | |
Republican | Jack Rodriguez | 28,381 | 31.03 | |
Constitution | Jack Klinger | 1,340 | 1.46 | |
Total votes | 91,472 | 100 | ||
Democratic hold |
District 30
Incumbent Democrat Eddie Bernice Johnson ran for re-election. The 30th district was among thirteen districts holding a special election on November 5, the same day as the general election. The race pitted all certified candidates against one another in each district, regardless of party.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | Eddie Bernice Johnson (incumbent) | 61,723 | 54.59 | |
Republican | John Hendry | 20,665* | 18.28 | |
Democratic | James Sweatt | 9,909 | 8.76 | |
Democratic | Marvin Crenshaw | 7,765 | 6.87 | |
Republican | Lisa Kitterman | 7,761 | 6.86 | |
Independent | Lisa Hembry | 3,501 | 3.10 | |
Independent | Ada Granado | 1,278 | 1.13 | |
Independent | Stevan Hammond | 468 | 0.41 | |
Write-in | Eddie Bernice Johnson (misspelled) | 2 | 0.00 | |
Total votes | 113,072 | 100 |
*Includes one write-in vote
References
- ^ "Bush v. Vera, 517 U.S. 952 (1996)". Justia Law. Retrieved May 19, 2022.
- ^ "History". redistricting.capitol.texas.gov. Retrieved May 19, 2022.
- ^ a b Ramos, Mary G. (1997). "Texas Almanac, 1998-1999". The Portal to Texas History. p. 385. Retrieved June 17, 2022.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s "1996 General Election". elections.sos.state.tx.us. Retrieved May 19, 2022.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m "1996 November Special Election". elections.sos.state.tx.us. Retrieved May 19, 2022.
- ^ a b c d "1996 Special Runoff Election". elections.sos.state.tx.us. Retrieved May 19, 2022.
- ^ June 1996 0, Mimi Swartz (June 1, 1996). "Truckin'". Texas Monthly. Retrieved June 21, 2022.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ "Texas Rep. Jack Fields to retire". UPI. Retrieved June 21, 2022.
- ^ "Senate Names Pete Geren 20th Secretary of the Army". www.army.mil. Retrieved June 21, 2022.
- ^ Cooper, Kenneth J. (June 27, 1995). "TEXAN BECOMES SECOND HOUSE DEMOCRAT IN '95 TO SWITCH TO REPUBLICANS". Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved June 14, 2022.
- ^ "1996 Republican Party Primary Runoff Election". elections.sos.state.tx.us. Retrieved June 14, 2022.
- ^ "DE LA GARZA, Eligio (Kika), II | US House of Representatives: History, Art & Archives". history.house.gov. Retrieved June 21, 2022.
- ^ Ap (November 5, 1995). "Texas Democrat Retiring". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved June 21, 2022.