Ciprefadol is an opioid analgesic that is an isoquinoline derivative most closely related to cyclazocine and picenadol,[1] with a number of other related compounds known.[2][3][4][5] Ciprefadol is a mixed agonist–antagonist at μ-opioid receptors and can partly block the effects of morphine at low doses, though at higher doses it acts more like a full agonist. It is also a potent κ-opioid agonist, unlike the corresponding N-methyl and N-phenethyl derivatives which are reasonably μ-selective agonists.[6]
References
- ^ Dennis M. Zimmerman et al. N-cycloalkylmethyl decahydroisoquinolines. US Patent 4001248, Jun 7, 1974
- ^ David R. Brittelli et al. 4a-Aryl-trans-decahydroisoquinolines. US Patent 4419517, Apr 8, 1975
- ^ Henry Rapoport et al. Synthesis of 4A-aryl-decahydroisoquinolines. US Patent 4189583, Apr 26, 1978
- ^ Judd DB, Brown DS, Lloyd JE, McElroy AB, Scopes DI, Birch PJ, et al. (January 1992). "Synthesis, antinociceptive activity, and opioid receptor profiles of substituted trans-3-(decahydro- and octahydro-4a-isoquinolinyl)phenols". Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. 35 (1): 48–56. doi:10.1021/jm00079a005. PMID 1310115.
- ^ Carroll FI, Chaudhari S, Thomas JB, Mascarella SW, Gigstad KM, Deschamps J, Navarro HA (December 2005). "N-substituted cis-4a-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-8a-methyloctahydroisoquinolines are opioid receptor pure antagonists". Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. 48 (26): 8182–93. doi:10.1021/jm058261c. PMC 2585695. PMID 16366600.
- ^ Zimmerman DM, Cantrell BE, Swartzendruber JK, Jones ND, Mendelsohn LG, Leander JD, Nickander RC (March 1988). "Synthesis and analgesic properties of N-substituted trans-4a-aryldecahydroisoquinolines". Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. 31 (3): 555–60. doi:10.1021/jm00398a011. PMID 2831363.