Gârliciu is a commune in Constanța County, Northern Dobruja, Romania, containing the village with the same name.
History
4.5 km south of Gârliciu is the site of the Roman fort Cius[3] located in the Roman province of Moesia in the 1st century AD and part of the defensive frontier system of the Limes Moesiae along the Danube.
It was built on a hill at the end of a narrow peninsula parallel to the Danube, today on the north-east side of Hisarlâk lake, although the river is today more than 4.5 km north-westwards. [4]
There were two stone forts with ditch and ramparts, one within the other of approximately 85 x 60 m and 120 x 120 m respectively.
The garrison of the early fort was cohors I Lusitanorum Cyrenaica, until its movement upstream to Nigrinianis (later Candidiana).
Reconstruction, ordered by emperor Valens, was done by milites primani headed by a tribunus Marcianus and a praepositus Ursicinus, supervised by provincial governor Flavius Stercorius, as described in an oration by Themistios before the emperor at Constantinople in early 370.[5]
Cius is included in the Itinerarium Antonini,[6] at 10000 feet from Carsium (Hârșova) and 14000 feet from Beroe (castrum) (Piatra Frecăței).
Demographics
At the 2011 census, Gârliciu had 1,511 Romanians. No other ethnicities were recorded.[7]
References
- ^ "Results of the 2020 local elections". Central Electoral Bureau. Retrieved 15 June 2021.
- ^ "Populaţia rezidentă după grupa de vârstă, pe județe și municipii, orașe, comune, la 1 decembrie 2021" (XLS). National Institute of Statistics.
- ^ Opriș, Ioan Carol. “Ioan Carol OPRIȘ, Rediscovering Roman Cius (Gârliciu, Constanța County, Romania). From Emperor Valens to Grigore Tocilescu, Theodor Mommsen and Beyond.” Journal of Ancient History and Archaeology 7, no. 1 (2020): 5–18. doi:10.14795/j.v7i1.514.
- ^ Opriș, Ioan Carol, Ovidiu Țentea, and Vlad-Nicolae Călina. “The Roman Frontier in Dobrudja. Several Fortifications Not Excavated or with Undetermined Planimetric Features.” Journal of Ancient History and Archaeology 7, no. 4 (2020): 14–38. doi:10.14795/j.v7i4.582
- ^ Or. X, Ἐπὶ τῆς εἰρήνης Oὐάλεντι/ On the Peace, 135-136/ 207- 208; 137/208-209
- ^ Itinerarium Antonini Augusti 224.5
- ^ Tab8. Populaţia stabilă după etnie – judeţe, municipii, oraşe, comune, 2011 census results, Institutul Național de Statistică, accessed 17 February 2020.
