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Tribunals in India are quasi judicial bodies for settling various administrative and tax-related disputes, including Central Administrative Tribunal (CAT), Income Tax Appellate Tribunal (ITAT), Customs, Excise and Service Tax Appellate Tribunal (CESTAT), National Green Tribunal (NGT), Competition Appellate Tribunal (COMPAT) and Securities Appellate Tribunal (SAT), among others.[1]
In several states, Food Safety Appellate Tribunals have been created to hear appeals against orders of adjudicating officers for food safety (additional deputy commissioners).
Armed Forces Tribunal (AFT) is a military tribunal in India. It was established under the Armed Forces Tribunal Act, 2007.[2][3]
The National Company Law Tribunal is a quasi-judicial body in India that adjudicates issues relating to Indian companies.
National Company Law Appellate Tribunal (NCLAT) was constituted under Section 410 of the Companies Act, 2013 for hearing appeals against the orders of National Company Law Tribunal(s) (NCLT), with effect from 1 June 2016.
There are 14 Tribunals in India.[4]
Tribunals in India
Following are the tribunals in India.[4]
| Sl No | Tribunals |
|---|---|
| 1 | Industrial Tribunal |
| 2 | Income Tax Appellate Tribunal (ITAT) |
| 3 | Customs, Excise and Service Tax Appellate Tribunal |
| 4 | Appellate Tribunal under Smugglers and Foreign Exchange Manipulators Act |
| 5 | Administrative Tribunal |
| 6 | Railway Claims Tribunal |
| 7 | Securities Appellate Tribunal |
| 8 | Debt Recovery Tribunal |
| 9 | The Telecom Disputes Settlement and Appellate Tribunal (TDSAT) |
| 10 | National Companies Law Appellate Tribunal (NCLAT) |
| 11 | National Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission |
| 12 | Appellate Tribunal for Electricity |
| 13 | Armed Forces Tribunal |
| 14 | National Green Tribunal |
Replaced and Dissolved Tribunals
Following is the list of tribunals dissolved and its replacements:[5]
| Sl No | Dissolved Tribunals | Replaced Tribunals |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Competition Appellate Tribunal | National Company Law Appellate Tribunal |
| 2 | Airports Economic Regulatory Authority Appellate Tribunal | Telecom Disputes Settlement and Appellate Tribunal |
| 3 | Cyber Appellate Tribunal | Telecom Disputes Settlement and Appellate Tribunal |
| 4 | Copyright Board | Intellectual Property Appellate Board |
| 5 | National Highways Tribunal | Airport Appellate Tribunal |
| 6 | Employees Provident Fund Appellate Tribunal, | Industrial Tribunal |
Composition
The tribunals will consist of the chairman, vice-chairman and others whose terms of office will be restricted to five years and they will be eligible for reappointment after retirement.[4]
References
- ^ "Government to restructure tribunals, autonomous organisations", The Economic Times, 21 February 2016
- ^ Armed Forces Tribunal Act and Rules – Army Navy Air-Force, archived from the original on 7 November 2014
- ^ Armed Forces Tribunal
- ^ a b c Sharma, Nalini (16 September 2021). "Centre notifies new rules for appointment to 14 tribunals". India Today. Retrieved 30 March 2022.
- ^ "NALSA was supposed to be India's beacon for legal aid. But it's stuck in a systemic rut". ThePrint. 20 January 2022. Retrieved 7 April 2022.