During most of the Middle Ages (c. 410–1485 AD ), the island of Great Britain was divided into several kingdoms. While the Roman and Norman Conquests influenced the island of Great Britain, the Irish history differs - the Romans never sat foot on Ireland. The following articles address this period of history in each of the major kingdoms and Ireland:
Medieval histories of current political units
Western and Northern Europe Central, Eastern Europe and Near East
Medieval territories
Western and Northern Europe
Frankish Empire
Holy Roman Empire (Kingdom of Bohemia , Kingdom of Italy , Swiss Confederacy )
Papal States
Kingdom of Sicily
Kingdom of Naples
Republic of Venice
Republic of Genoa
Republic of Florence
Duchy of Burgundy (Burgundian Netherlands )
Crown of Castile (Kingdom of Asturias , Kingdom of León , Kingdom of Castile , Kingdom of Galicia )
Crown of Aragon (Kingdom of Aragon , Principality of Catalonia , Kingdom of Valencia , Kingdom of Majorca )
Kingdom of Navarre
Portugal (County and Kingdom of Portugal )
Kingdom of England
Kingdom of Scotland
Lordship of Ireland
al-Andalus (Caliphate of Córdoba , Taifa , Almoravids , Almohads , Emirate of Granada )
Hereditary Kingdom of Norway
Central, Eastern Europe and Near East
Byzantine Empire
Bulgarian Empire
Croatia (Dalmatia , Pannonia , Kingdom of Croatia )
Crusader states (Cyprus , Tripoli , Antioch , Edessa , Jerusalem )
Bosnia and Herzegovina (Banate of Bosnia , Kingdom of Bosnia )
Ukraine (Kievan Rus' , Kingdom of Rus' , Principality of Chernigov )
Russia (Rus' Khaganate , Novgorod Republic , Ryazan , Moscow )
Serbia (Principality , Grand Principality , Kingdom , Empire , Lordship , Despotate )