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In rail transport, a train is a vehicle or (more frequently) a string of vehicles capable of being moved along a continuous line of rails or other guideway for the purpose of conveying freight or passengers between points on a predetermined route. The train may be hauled or propelled by one or more vehicles designed exclusively for that purpose (locomotives) or may be driven by a number of motors incorporated in all or several of the vehicles (multiple units).

As of 2018, there are approximately 1,052,000 kilometres (654,000 mi) of railway track in use worldwide. (World Bank (via Archive.org))

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Selected article of the week

Rail transport in Vatican City consists of two 300-metre (980 ft) sets of rail tracks within Vatican City, the shortest national railway system in the world. Access to Italian rail lines was guaranteed by the Lateran Treaty (1929), and tracks and a station were constructed during the reign of Pope Pius XI. That rail travel was a prerequisite for the mass pilgrimages of the 19th century, beginning with those at Lourdes circa 1858, and was one factor that softened opposition to such technology within the Roman Curia. The first locomotive entered the Vatican in March 1932. A Railway Convention was ratified between Italy and Vatican City on September 12, 1934, and in October 1934 the Ministry of Public Works handed over the completed rail lines to Vatican City and Ferrovie dello Stato, respectively. Most railway traffic in Vatican City consists of freight goods importation, although the railway has occasionally carried passengers, usually for symbolic or ceremonial reasons. The planned papal train of Pius XI was never constructed and the Vatican has never employed any railway workers or registered any rolling stock. Pope John XXIII on October 4, 1962, became the first pope to use the Vatican railway during his pilgrimage to Loreto and Assisi one week before the beginning of Second Vatican Council using the Italian presidential train.

Recently selected: Asker Line - Meråker Line - Alberta and Great Waterways Railway scandal

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Selected image of the week

Two rail cars built in 1937 of the Vitznau-Rigibahn, shortly before arrival at Rigi Staffelhohe, Switzerland. In the background, the peak of Mt. Rigi is visible.

Recently selected: 1889 Paris Exposition train - Snowplow train in Japan - Niagara Falls Suspension Bridge advertisement

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Did you know...

...that the opening ceremonies of the Galway to Clifden railway were very sparsely attended because the event date was a strict church holiday and was reserved for attending church services?
...that following heavy damage to the Galveston Island Trolley track and cars from Hurricane Ike in 2008, substitute service with replica buses was operated until service resumed in October 2021?
...that although the former Santa Fe Railway's Galesburg station was demolished after regular passenger service to the station ended in 1996, the site is still used if derailments cause trains to use the Chillicothe Subdivision instead of the Mendota Subdivision?
...that the Fuzhou–Xiamen railway, which opened in 2010, was so heavily used that it reached capacity in 2015, spurring construction on the parallel Fuzhou–Xiamen high-speed railway for CRH passenger train services?

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Selected anniversaries

April 28

1956 – Canadian Pacific Railway discontinues the former Imperial Limited passenger train schedule.
1984 – Philadelphia's Center City Commuter Connection tunnel opens for service with shuttles between Suburban Station and Market East Station.
2005 – The English, Welsh and Scottish Railway acquires the assets of Probotec Limited, the leading manufacturer of railroad freight car suspension systems in Europe.
2005 – Swiss engineers blast through the last section of rock on the first bore of the Lötschberg Base Tunnel project (map pictured) under the Alps.

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Train News

Santa Fe No. 2926 at Albuquerque, New Mexico
July 24, 2021 – Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe No. 2926, a 4-8-4 steam locomotive built by Baldwin Locomotive Works in 1944, moves under its own power for the first time since Christmas Eve of 1953, after nearly twenty-two years of being rebuilt by volunteers. The locomotive will be put into mainline excursion service. (NMSL&RHS, Trains Magazine on Facebook)
Big Boy No. 4012 at Steamtown National Historic Site
May 5, 2021 – Steamtown National Historic Site completes thorough cosmetic overhaul on Union Pacific 4-8-8-4 Big Boy No. 4012, which is moved back on static display before National Train Day. (NEPA Scene)
The derailed Taroko Express trainset, as seen from outside the entrance to the tunnel
April 2, 2021 – 2021 Hualien train derailment – A Taroko Express train operated by the Taiwan Railways Administration (TRA) derails at the north entrance of Qingshui Tunnel in Heren Section, Xiulin Township, Hualien County, Taiwan, killing 49 people and injuring at least 200 others. North of Hualien City a construction truck had fallen down a slope onto the tracks. The eight-carriage train derailed after colliding with the truck, and then came to a rest in the tunnel, with severe damage and many casualties. (Bloomberg, CNN, CNA, New York Times, Financial Times)

The preserved C&O 1309 at the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad Museum in October 2009

December 31, 2020 – Following a complete restoration, Chesapeake and Ohio 1309, a 2-6-6-2 Mallet locomotive built by Baldwin Locomotive Works in 1949, the last steam locomotive built by Baldwin for the North American market, is operated under its own power for test runs. When returned to service on the Western Maryland Scenic Railroad, it will be the largest steam locomotive in regular scheduled service in the United States and take 2-8-0 No. 734’s place as the largest active steam locomotive in the state of Maryland. (Trains.com Newswire)

An Avelia Liberty train on a test run in Delaware in May 2020

September 28, 2020 – Amtrak operates a test run using one of the 28 new Avelia Liberty trains manufactured by Alstom along the full length of the Northeast Corridor to Boston South Station. Previous test runs had occurred from Washington, D.C., only as far north as New Jersey and Delaware. Barring any problems, the trains are expected to enter regular service on the route in 2021. (Universal Hub)

Berryessa/North San José station on the first day of service

June 13, 2020 – The Bay Area Rapid Transit Silicon Valley BART extension opened its stations in Milpitas and North San Jose. (San Jose Spotlight, SF Gate)

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General images

The following are images from various train-related articles on Wikipedia.

Image 1Škoda Artic light rail train near the cathedral in Tampere, Finland (from Train)
Image 2A freight car (boxcar type) for the South Australian Railways, 1926 (from Railroad car)
Image 3The Union Pacific Big Boy locomotives represented the pinnacle of steam locomotive technology and power. (from Train)
Image 4A Tokyo Monorail train (from Train)
Image 5A Metropolitan line S8 Stock at Amersham in London (from Railroad car)
Image 6A narrow gauge battery-electric locomotive used for mining (from Locomotive)
Image 7Electric train on Djursholmsbanan in Stockholm in the 1890s. (from Train)
Image 8Stockton and Darlington special inaugural train 1825: six wagons of coal, directors coach, then people in wagons (from Train)
Image 9An early Diesel-mechanical locomotive at the North Alabama Railroad Museum (from Locomotive)
Image 10The Japanese 0 Series Shinkansen pioneered high speed rail service. (from Train)
Image 11A Union Pacific freight train; high clearances enable double-stacked containers to be carried in well cars. (from Train)
Image 12Armored train Hurban located in Zvolen, Slovakia (from Railroad car)
Image 13The EMD FT set the stage for diesel locomotives to take over from steam. (from Train)
Image 14A British Rail Class 150 in the United Kingdom (from Railroad car)
Image 15A prototype of a Ganz AC electric locomotive in Valtellina, Italy, 1901 (from Locomotive)
Image 16The 1887 Daimler draisine (from Locomotive)
Image 17A passenger car of the China Railway, 2011 (from Railroad car)
Image 18A preserved armored train (from Train)
Image 19Union Pacific 18, a gas turbine-electric locomotive preserved at the Illinois Railway Museum (from Locomotive)
Image 20Garratt locomotives in Zimbabwe (from Train)
Image 21The "hump" of a hump yard. Railcars travel past retarders, which control their speed, and are directed onto tracks to be assembled into new trains. The control tower operates the retarders. (from Rail yard)
Image 22A number of maintenance vehicles at work on Metro-North Railroad (from Train)
Image 23The 1902 Maudslay Petrol Locomotive (from Locomotive)
Image 24Southern Railway (UK) 20002 was equipped with both pantograph and contact shoes (from Locomotive)
Image 25Inside a modern-day car from Finland (from Railroad car)
Image 26Baltimore & Ohio electric engine, 1895 (from Locomotive)
Image 27US-style railroad truck (bogie) with journal bearings (from Train)
Image 28Arrival of the Normandy Train, Gare Saint-Lazare, by Claude Monet, 1877, Art Institute of Chicago (from Train)
Image 29The New Orleans Streetcar System is one of the oldest in the world. (from Train)
Image 30A narrow gauge train in Austria (from Train)
Image 31British Rail Mark 3 coach, an all-steel car from the 1970s (from Railroad car)
Image 32World's first useful diesel locomotive (a diesel-electric locomotive) for long distances SŽD Eel2, 1924 in Kyiv (from Locomotive)
Image 33Bombardier ALP-45DP at the Innotrans convention in Berlin (from Locomotive)
Image 34This map of Cedar Hill Yard in Connecticut shows a variety of different facilities, including receiving yards, departure yards, classification yards, and a repair yard. (from Rail yard)
Image 35Typical American extended vision caboose (from Railroad car)
Image 36A gas turbine locomotive operated by the Union Pacific Railroad (from Train)
Image 37A China Railways HXD1D electric locomotive in China (from Locomotive)
Image 38Soviet RT-23 Molodets ICBM launch train, in the St Petersburg museum (from Railroad car)
Image 39Second-class compartment of a China Railways CRH1A-A train (from Train)
Image 40Yard for Amtrak equipment, located next to the Los Angeles River. The two tracks on the left are the mainline. (from Rail yard)
Image 41This cab car includes a horn (top), a bell (top right), headlights (above the door), classification lights (red lights on side), and ditch lights (white lights on side). (from Train)
Image 42A German DB Class V 200 diesel-hydraulic locomotive at Technikmuseum, Berlin (from Locomotive)
Image 43China operates an extensive high speed rail network. (from Train)
Image 44A London Underground battery-electric locomotive at West Ham station used for hauling engineers' trains (from Locomotive)
Image 45A Victorian Railways R class steam locomotive in Australia (from Locomotive)
Image 46Workington stabling point in 1981, with locomotives from Classes 25, 40 and 47 parked between duties. (from Rail yard)
Image 47An interior of a Circle line S7 Stock in London (from Railroad car)
Image 48A coach yard in Shanghai, China (from Rail yard)
Image 49A large Amtrak and Metra coach yard just south of Chicago Union Station. About 25 percent of all rail traffic in the United States travels through the Chicago area. (from Rail yard)
Image 50Most derailments, such as this one in Switzerland, are minor and do not cause injuries or damage. (from Train)
Image 51Various types of railroad cars in a classification yard in the United States (from Train)
Image 52A wooden toy train set from Swedish manufacturer Brio (from Train)
Image 53Werner von Siemens experimental DC electric train, 1879 (from Locomotive)
Image 54Variety of rolling stock in rail yard (from Rolling stock)
Image 55Pacific National diesel locomotives in Australia showing three body types, cab unit (front), hood unit (middle) and box cab (rear) (from Locomotive)