Ama (海士町, Ama-chō) is a town located on Nakanoshima, in Oki District, Shimane Prefecture, Japan.
As of 1 October 2020, the town had an estimated population of 2,267 and a population density of 68 persons per km2. The total area was 33.50 km2 (13 sq mi).
History
Ama was part of the ancient Oki Province, and the island consisted of a single district, also called Ama, and three villages. Emperor Go-Toba, defeated in the Jōkyū War in 1221, was exiled to the Oki Islands, and lived in Ama for 19 years until his death in 1239. Oki Shrine was built in 1939 to commemorate the 700th year of his death.[1]
Geography
Ama occupies all of the island of Nakanoshima, in the Oki Islands archipelago in the Sea of Japan, along with a number of offshore uninhabited islands and rocks. Much of the island is within the borders of Daisen-Oki National Park.
Climate
Ama has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen climate classification Cfa) with very warm summers and cool winters. Precipitation is abundant throughout the year. The average annual temperature in Ama is 14.9 °C (58.8 °F). The average annual rainfall is 1,589.3 mm (62.57 in) with July as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 26.3 °C (79.3 °F), and lowest in February, at around 5.2 °C (41.4 °F).[2] The highest temperature ever recorded in Ama was 35.9 °C (96.6 °F) on 5 August 2010; the coldest temperature ever recorded was −8.0 °C (17.6 °F) on 27 February 1981.[3]
| Climate data for Ama (1991−2020 normals, extremes 1978−present) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 17.3 (63.1) |
21.9 (71.4) |
23.6 (74.5) |
26.6 (79.9) |
30.4 (86.7) |
31.6 (88.9) |
35.4 (95.7) |
35.9 (96.6) |
35.0 (95.0) |
30.5 (86.9) |
25.6 (78.1) |
20.1 (68.2) |
35.9 (96.6) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 8.2 (46.8) |
8.7 (47.7) |
11.7 (53.1) |
16.8 (62.2) |
21.3 (70.3) |
24.6 (76.3) |
28.2 (82.8) |
30.1 (86.2) |
26.3 (79.3) |
21.4 (70.5) |
16.3 (61.3) |
11.0 (51.8) |
18.7 (65.7) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 5.3 (41.5) |
5.2 (41.4) |
7.8 (46.0) |
12.5 (54.5) |
17.1 (62.8) |
20.7 (69.3) |
24.8 (76.6) |
26.3 (79.3) |
22.3 (72.1) |
17.1 (62.8) |
12.3 (54.1) |
7.8 (46.0) |
14.9 (58.9) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 1.6 (34.9) |
1.0 (33.8) |
2.9 (37.2) |
7.3 (45.1) |
12.6 (54.7) |
17.2 (63.0) |
21.9 (71.4) |
22.9 (73.2) |
18.3 (64.9) |
12.3 (54.1) |
7.7 (45.9) |
3.8 (38.8) |
10.8 (51.4) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −6.6 (20.1) |
−8.0 (17.6) |
−4.7 (23.5) |
−3.3 (26.1) |
2.8 (37.0) |
7.6 (45.7) |
11.4 (52.5) |
14.2 (57.6) |
6.1 (43.0) |
1.9 (35.4) |
−0.7 (30.7) |
−2.7 (27.1) |
−8.0 (17.6) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 116.9 (4.60) |
86.4 (3.40) |
108.6 (4.28) |
107.5 (4.23) |
125.7 (4.95) |
167.0 (6.57) |
203.7 (8.02) |
141.6 (5.57) |
197.8 (7.79) |
97.7 (3.85) |
105.8 (4.17) |
126.7 (4.99) |
1,589.3 (62.57) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 17.0 | 13.3 | 11.9 | 8.7 | 8.2 | 9.1 | 10.4 | 8.4 | 9.6 | 8.9 | 11.5 | 17.3 | 134.3 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 70.9 | 93.4 | 157.9 | 204.6 | 215.2 | 156.1 | 161.5 | 213.2 | 164.8 | 163.6 | 110.2 | 78.5 | 1,790 |
| Source: Japan Meteorological Agency[3][2] | |||||||||||||
Demographics
Ama came under the control of the Matsue Domain in the Edo period, and was divided into seven villages. After the Meiji restoration, the Oki Islands became part of Tottori Prefecture in 1871, but were transferred to Shimane Prefecture in 1881.[4] Ama Village was established in 1904. Its population peaked in 1950 with 6,986 inhabitants, and has declined ever since. It was raised to town status on January 1, 1969.
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 1920 | 6,001 | — |
| 1925 | 5,478 | −8.7% |
| 1930 | 5,308 | −3.1% |
| 1935 | 5,048 | −4.9% |
| 1940 | 4,748 | −5.9% |
| 1945 | 6,705 | +41.2% |
| 1950 | 6,986 | +4.2% |
| 1955 | 6,678 | −4.4% |
| 1960 | 6,160 | −7.8% |
| 1965 | 5,145 | −16.5% |
| 1970 | 4,257 | −17.3% |
| 1975 | 3,809 | −10.5% |
| 1980 | 3,537 | −7.1% |
| 1985 | 3,339 | −5.6% |
| 1990 | 3,119 | −6.6% |
| 1995 | 2,857 | −8.4% |
| 2000 | 2,672 | −6.5% |
| 2005 | 2,581 | −3.4% |
| 2010 | 2,377 | −7.9% |
| 2015 | 2,353 | −1.0% |
| 2020 | 2,267 | −3.7% |
| Ama population statistics[5] | ||
Economy
The town economy is primarily based on agriculture and commercial fishing.
Notable people from Ama
- Misako Tanaka – actress
References
- ^ Ancient Tales and Folk-lore of Japan – A Story of Oki Islands
- ^ a b 気象庁 / 平年値（年・月ごとの値）. JMA. Retrieved April 24, 2022.
- ^ a b 観測史上1～10位の値（年間を通じての値）. JMA. Retrieved April 24, 2022.
- ^ "Shimane Prefecture – History". Archived from the original on 2009-01-15. Retrieved 2013-08-01.
- ^ Ama population statistics
External links
Media related to Ama, Shimane at Wikimedia Commons- Official website
(in Japanese)
| Core city |  | |
|---|---|---|
| Cities | ||
| Districts | ||
| International | |
|---|---|
| National | |