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The Chinese spiny lobster (Panulirus stimpsoni; Chinese: 中国龙虾), also known as the green lobster or Hong Kong rock lobster, is a member of the genus Panulirus of spiny lobsters endemic to the East and South China Seas.[1][2] It is a moderate size, commercially important species with a range that extends along the east coast of China from Shanghai to Hong Kong.[3] It has also been found in the Taiwan Strait.[4]

The species name honors the American marine biologist William Stimpson, who originally identified the species as P. ornatus in 1860.[1]

Description

Panulirus stimpsoni is closely related to P. ornatus, which it was originally assigned to, with an identical arrangement of the spines on the carapace but the spines of P. stimpsoni are usually stronger than those of P. ornatus.[1] Like P. ornatus and other spiny lobsters in the genus Panulirus, the larvae of P. stimpsoni are most likely retained in local estuarine waters.[5] Like Panulirus polyphagus, P. stimpsoni lives on a coastal shelf with a high sediment load due to the muddy outflow of the Pearl River and other turbid, coastal streams.[6]

Allergens

Like the American lobster, tropomyosin was identified as a major allergen of the Chinese spiny lobster.[7]

Ecology

The Chinese spiny lobster is omnivorous.[8] In addition to its oceanic environment, it is also found in Baoan Lake where it predated upon by the common carp.[9]

Panulirus stimpsoni is found in the shallow waters of rocky areas. Due to pollution, habitat loss, and over-fishing, the population has declined rapidly.

Although the species is considered endemic to China, lobster aquaculture has grown in Vietnam, with more than 1,000 tons of cage-raised Panulirus species, including P. stimpsoni, produced for export to China, Japan, Thailand, and Hong Kong.[10] However, along with other lobster types, production has decreased since 2006 due to milky hemolymph syndrome.[11]

Conservation

The conservation status of Panulirus stimpsoni has not been evaluated based on the IUCN Red List criteria, despite being a fishery target species.[12] It has been listed as an endangered species in China

References

  1. ^ a b c Holthuis, L. B. (1978). "Notes on Panulirus stimpsoni Holthuis, 1963 (Decapoda, Palinuridae)". Crustaceana. 34 (1): 95–100. ISSN 0011-216X. JSTOR 20103254.
  2. ^ Liu, Yuan; Cui, Zhaoxia (January 2011). "Complete mitochondrial genome of the Chinese spiny lobster Panulirus stimpsoni (Crustacea: Decapoda): genome characterization and phylogenetic considerations". Molecular Biology Reports. 38 (1): 403–410. doi:10.1007/s11033-010-0122-2. ISSN 0301-4851.
  3. ^ George, R. W.; Fischer, W. (1978). "First Illustration of the Hong Kong Rock Lobster, Panulirus stimpsoni (Decapoda, Palinuridae)". Crustaceana. 34 (1): 93–95. ISSN 0011-216X. JSTOR 20103253.
  4. ^ "Green Lobster". personal.cityu.edu.hk. Retrieved 2023-11-01.
  5. ^ Phillips, Bruce; Kittaka, Jiro (2008-04-30). Spiny Lobsters: Fisheries and Culture. John Wiley & Sons. p. 10. ISBN 978-0-470-69825-9.
  6. ^ Breen, Paul A.; MacDiarmid, Alistair B. (1997). Lobster Biology and Management: Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference and Workshop on Lobster Biology and Management. CSIRO. p. 1128.
  7. ^ Daczkowska-Kozon, E. Grazyna; Pan, Bonnie Sun (2016-04-19). Environmental Effects on Seafood Availability, Safety, and Quality. CRC Press. p. 148. ISBN 978-1-4398-0328-8.
  8. ^ Chen, Zhengqiang; Chen, Changsheng; Wu, Zhongqing; Gu, Lisheng; Ji, Dehua (2000-01-01). "Feeding habits of Chinese spiny lobster (Panulirus stimpsoni". Marine Fisheries Research. Retrieved 2023-11-01.
  9. ^ Liu, Meng; He, Xin; Yu, Jingyi (2018-05-01). "Dynamics of a stochastic regime-switching predator–prey model with harvesting and distributed delays". Nonlinear Analysis: Hybrid Systems. 28: 87–104. doi:10.1016/j.nahs.2017.10.004. ISSN 1751-570X.
  10. ^ Phillips, Bruce (2013-02-19). Lobsters: Biology, Management, Aquaculture and Fisheries. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-1-118-51749-9.
  11. ^ Williams, Kevin C. (2009). Spiny Lobster Aquaculture in the Asia-Pacific Region: Proceedings of an International Symposium Held at Nha Trang, Vietnam, 9-10 December 2008. Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research. p. 10. ISBN 978-1-921615-51-1.
  12. ^ Madduppa, Hawis; Sani, Lalu M. Iqbal; Nugroho, Kuncoro Catur; Bengen, Dietriech G.; Muchlisin, Zainal Abidin; Fadli, Nur; Subhan, Beginer; Arafat, Dondy; Zamani, Neviaty P.; Sunuddin, Adriani; Ismet, Meutia Samira; Srimariana, Endang S.; Cakasana, Nadya; Lestari, Dea Fauzia; Santoso, Prakas (2022). "eDNA metabarcoding of decapod crustaceans across Indonesian seas has implications for biodiversity conservation and fisheries sustainability". Frontiers in Marine Science. 9. doi:10.3389/fmars.2022.918295. ISSN 2296-7745.

External links

source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_spiny_lobster