Lieutenant General Harold Roe "Pink" Bull (January 6, 1893 – November 1, 1976) was a general in the United States Army and served as Assistant Chief of Staff (G-3) at Supreme Headquarters Allied Expeditionary Force (SHAEF) from 1943 to 1945.
Biography
Bull was born in Springfield, Massachusetts and graduated from the United States Military Academy at West Point, New York in June 1914.[1] His fellow graduates included Carl Spaatz, Brehon B. Somervell, Charles P. Gross, John B. Anderson, James L. Bradley, Frank W. Milburn, Harold Francis Loomis, Ralph Royce, Orlando Ward, Jens A. Doe, Harry C. Ingles, and Vicente Lim, all of whom were later to achieve general officer rank.
Commissioned as an infantry officer, Bull was initially assigned to the 30th Infantry. From September 1914 to March 1918, he served with the regiment in California, New York state, Texas and North Carolina. From April to October 1918, Bull served with the 3rd Division in France. Promoted to captain in May 1917, he served as a temporary major from June 1918 to March 1920. From October 1918 to August 1920, Bull was assigned to the Washington, D.C. area. He then served as an instructor in the Department of English and History at West Point from August 1920 to August 1923.[2][3]
Promoted to major in February 1923, Bull commanded the 2nd Battalion, 19th Infantry at Schofield Barracks in Hawaii from October 1923 to January 1925. He graduated from the Infantry School Advanced Course in May 1927 and the Command and General Staff School in June 1928.[3] Bull served as an instructor at the Infantry School from August 1928 to July 1932. He graduated from the Army War College in July 1933 and the Naval War College in June 1934.[4]
Bull served with the 26th Infantry at Plattsburg Barracks in New York state from July 1934 to July 1935 as executive officer and 3rd Battalion commander. Promoted to lieutenant colonel in September 1935, he then served at the War Department in Washington, D.C.[4] From August 1939 to July 1941, he was professor of military science and tactics at the Culver Military Institute. Receiving temporary promotions to colonel and then brigadier general in July 1941, he served as assistant commander of the 4th Motorized Division at Fort Benning in Georgia from August to December 1941.[5]
World War II
Temporarily promoted to major general in May 1942, Bull served as commanding general of III Corps in Georgia and Tennessee from June to October 1943.[5]
He served as Assistant Chief of Staff (G-3) at Supreme Headquarters Allied Expeditionary Force (SHAEF) under Dwight D. Eisenhower from October 1943 until SHAEF was dissolved in July 1945. He later served as Deputy Chief of Staff and Chief of Staff of U.S. Forces in Europe (USFET) until returning to the United States Department of War in September 1946.
As head of the Operations (G-3) section of SHAEF, Bull had a major role in the planning of military operations in Europe. His office prepared most of the periodic situation reports to the Combined Chiefs of Staff and the SHAEF Operational Directives which were issued by Eisenhower's headquarters. Bull's office included the SHAEF meteorological staff which compiled weather reports for use in planning military operations. A favorable weather report by Bull's staff helped General Eisenhower decide to launch the invasion of Normandy on the morning of June 6, 1944. From September 20 to September 29, 1944, Bull was commanding general of the 4th Infantry Division.
His promotion to colonel was made permanent in October 1942, brigadier general in June 1946 and major general in January 1948.[5]
Post-war
Bull was promoted to lieutenant general in July 1949 and served as Commandant of the National War College until his retirement from the Army in July 1952. He then spent five years at the Central Intelligence Agency.[1][6]
Bull died at his home in the Westmoreland Hills neighborhood of Bethesda, Maryland on November 1, 1976, and was buried at Arlington National Cemetery.[6][7]
Decorations
References
- ^ a b "Harold Roe Bull". Assembly. Vol. XXXIX, no. 3. December 1980. p. 126. Retrieved December 31, 2022.
- ^ Biographical register of the officers and graduates of the U.S. Military Academy at West Point, New York since its establishment in 1802: Supplement, 1910–1920. Vol. VI–B. Seemann & Peters, Printers. September 1920. p. 1697. Retrieved December 31, 2022.
- ^ a b Biographical register of the officers and graduates of the U.S. Military Academy at West Point, New York since its establishment in 1802: Supplement, 1920–1930. Vol. VII. R.R. Donnelley & Sons Company, The Lakeside Press. March 1931. p. 1027. Retrieved December 31, 2022.
- ^ a b Biographical register of the officers and graduates of the U.S. Military Academy at West Point, New York since its establishment in 1802: Supplement, 1930–1940. Vol. VIII. R.R. Donnelley & Sons Company, The Lakeside Press. April 1941. p. 280. Retrieved December 31, 2022.
- ^ a b c Biographical register of the officers and graduates of the U.S. Military Academy at West Point, New York since its establishment in 1802: Supplement, 1940–1950. Vol. IX. The Association of Graduates, U.S. Military Academy. December 1955. pp. 182–183. Retrieved December 31, 2022.
- ^ a b "Retired Lt. Gen. Harold Bull dies at 83, Former National War College Chief". The Washington Post. November 3, 1976. p. B12. ProQuest 146499299. Retrieved December 31, 2022.
- ^ "Rites for Gen. Bull". Rutland Herald. Fair Haven. November 6, 1976. p. 4. Retrieved October 30, 2022 – via Newspapers.com.
External links
- Papers of Harold R. Bull, Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Library Archived October 23, 2018, at the Wayback Machine
- Generals of World War II
- United States Army Officers 1939–1945
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