Fort Towson

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This is a list of writers who advocated Christian Universalism—specifically, Trinitarian Universalism prior to the 1961 creation of the Unitarian Universalist Association. Early Christians—from the second through fourth centuries—have been catalogued by scholars Hosea Ballou (Ancient History of Universalism, 1828), John Wesley Hanson (Universalism: The Prevailing Doctrine of the Christian Church During Its First Five Hundred Years, 1899), George T. Knight (The New Schaff-Herzog Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge, 1911), and Pierre Batiffol (Catholic Encyclopedia, 1914), but modern scholarship questions the claim that all of these individuals were believers in universal reconciliation.^[a] Some of those listed here may have simply believed in apokatastasis in the Jewish or early Christian sense, without any intention that all who had ever lived would be saved.

Several modern Christian theologians have been deemed "hopeful Universalists" for a belief in the possibility of universal reconciliation, but who did not claim it was a dogmatic fact—e.g. Karl Barth and Cormac Murphy-O'Connor.

Table

Notes

• ^{^} For example, Frederick W. Norris in the article on apocatastasis in 2004's The Westminster Handbook to Origen writes that "As far as we can tell, therefore, Origen never decided to stress exclusive salvation or universal salvation, to the strict exclusion of either case."

Works cited

• Ballou, Hosea (1885), The Ancient History of Universalism: From the Time of the Apostles to the Fifth General Council (4th ed.), Chicago, Illinois and Boston, Massachusetts, United States: Universalist Publishing House
• Battifol, Pierre (1907), "Apocatastasis", in Herberman, Charles G.; Pace, Edward A.; Allen, Condé; Shahan, Thomas J.; Wynne, John J. (eds.), The Catholic Encyclopedia: An International Work of Reference on the Constitution, Doctrine, Discipline, and History of the Catholic Church, vol. 1, United States: The Encyclopedia Press
• Hanson, John Wesley (1899), Universalism: The Prevailing Doctrine of the Christian Church During Its First Five Hundred Years (1st ed.), Chicago, Illinois and Boston, Massachusetts, United States: Universalist Publishing House
• MacDonald, Gregory, ed. (2011), "All Shall Be Well": Explorations in Universal Salvation and Christian Theology from Origen to Moltmann (1st ed.), Eugene, Oregon, United States: Cascade Books, ISBN 978-1-60608-685-8
• Parry, Robin; Partridge, Christopher H., eds. (March 2004), Universal Salvation? The Current Debate (1st ed.), Grand Rapids, Michigan, United States and Cambridge, England, United Kingdom: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, ISBN 0-8028-2764-0

References

See also

• Apocatastasis
• Christian Universalism
• Universal reconciliation
• Universalist Church of America
• List of Unitarians, Universalists, and Unitarian Universalists